GCSE 2022 - Memory

What is the correct definition of encoding?

• The retrieval of stored memories

• Turning sensory information into a form that can be used and stored in the brain

• The response we give in terms of behaviour

• The operations we perform on sensory information in the brain

What is this defining?

'the process of storing the meaning of information in our memory system, rather than the sound of a word, we store the definition/ meaning of that word.'

• Retrieval

• Visual encoding

• Semantic encoding

• Processing

What are the three types of encoding?

• Acoustic, encoding and processing

• Visual, processing and semantic

• Semantic, encoding and output

• Visual, acoustic and semantic

According to the Multi-Store model of memory, what is the capacity of short-term memory?

• 7+/-2 pieces of information

• 18-30 seconds

• 7+/- 2 seconds

• 18-30 pieces of information

Who are the psychologists who theorised the Multi-store model of memory?

• Bond and Smith

• Loftus and Palmer

• Peterson and Peterson

• Atkinson and Shiffrin

It is unlikely that we only have one store of long-term memory. As seen in patients such as Clive Wearing who could still play the piano (procedural memory) but could no longer recall his university experience (episodic memory).

Is this a strength or weakness of the Multi-store model of memory?

• Strength

• Weakness

Cases of amnesia have shown that brain injury can cause damage to long- or short-term memory whilst the other remains intact.

Is this a strength or weakness of the multi-store model of memory?

• Strength

• Weakness

What is considered to be the duration of long term memory?

• 7+/- 2 pieces of information

• 7+/- 2 seconds

• 18-30 seconds

• A potentially unlimited duration

What type of forgetting is this defining?

'New information pushes out (displaces) old information when we exceed the limited capacity of short-term memory'

• Retrieval failure

• Displacement

• Decay

• Forgetting

What is it called when new information can overwrite old information in the long-term memory?

• Interference

• Decay

• Displacement

• Retrieval failure