Topic D - Types of programming and mark up languages

In Procedural programming, code is executed step by step or line by line. Procedural code includes:

(tick all appropriate)

• Statements

• Blocks

• Procedures

• Functions

• Events

Answer explanation

All the options apart from events (that's event driven programming)

Programming involves sequence, selection and iteration. Tick all appropriate descriptions of iteration.

• repetition of code

• Looping of code

• IF statement

• For Loop

• Condition

Answer explanation

Iteration means to repeat or loop.

IF statements and Conditionals are known as selection. An IF statement is sometimes called a branch.

What is not an advantage of procedural programming?

• Debugging can be difficult if you have thousands of lines of code.

• Code is modular, so programs can be written separately by different people at once.

• It is easy to follow for small programs

• Flexibility – most procedural languages can create and execute code on multiple machines.

Answer explanation

Debugging is very difficult in procedural programming - too much for my small brain to take in at once!

Object Oriented Programming (OOP) is an approach to problem solving where all computations are carried out using objects.

• TRUE

• FALSE

In Object Oriented Programming a class is a set of related _______ that share common characteristics.

Answer explanation

Answer = OBJECTS

For example in your football game the object is the footballer. The shared characteristics could be their skill level, eye colour, position.

Object Oriented Programming features include:

(tick all appropriate)

• Service oriented processing

• Inheritance

• Encapsulation

• Polymorphism

• Reusability

Answer explanation

Service oriented programming is a feature of event driven programming. All the rest are features of OOP.

In Object Oriented Programming, Inheritance is the ability to create derived (or child) classes from a base class in order to reuse existing code.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Just like you inheriting characteristics from your parents!

Select all the benefits of Object-Oriented programming.

• Code Reusability

• Complex Design

• Real Word Entities are used

• Abstraction

Answer explanation

All but complex design - this is a disadvantage as a programmer requires many skills to be able to program OOP. Other advantages include the fact that OOP is easy to manage and maintain due to its organised structure and the fact it uses real world entities.

Classes are used in Object-Oriented Programming.

Select the two advantages of a classes.

• Classes can be saved and reused in other parts of the program.

• Classes can be complicated to program.

• Code is complex and lengthy

• When classes are setup, instances of the class can be used multiple times.

Answer explanation

Benefits:

Classes can be saved and reused in other parts of the program.

When classes are setup, instances of the class can be used multiple times.

Drawbacks:

Classes can be complicated to program.

Code is complex and lengthy

Encapsulation is used in Object Oriented Programming.

Select all the correct statements regarding encapsulation.

• Encapsulation is the container that

  can hide data inside an object

• Encapsulation is a class which contains

  data (properties) and functions (methods)

• Encapsulation is used to hide the internal "workings" of an object from the outside. This is called information hiding.

• Encapsulation is Information in a module or section of code that enables the program to use code contained within a program.

Answer explanation

They're all statements related to encapsulation. It's a tricky one to get your head round so take some time to revise this.