Final Review 2

Base your answers to the question on the diagram and on your knowledge of biology

The differences seen in the beaks of the four species of finches are most likely the result of

•   gene expression and asexual reproduction

•       variation and natural selection

•       migration and the need to adapt

•       heredity and a diet of seeds

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        Evidence that best supports the theory of biological evolution was obtained from the

•      investigation of environmental niches

•      comparison of the number of cells in organisms

• analysis of food chains and food webs

•      study of fossil records

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The diagram represents the same field of mice hunted by a hawk over a period of three months.

The overall changes in the population of mice can be explained best by

•      natural selection

•      succession

•      reproduction

•     mouse extinction

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       Over time, data that support the successful evolution of a species would include observations that describe

•      an increase in the genetic changes occurring in body cells

•      a decrease in the genetic variety carried in sex cells

•      an increase in the proportion of offspring that have favorable characteristics

•      a decrease in the proportion of the population that has beneficial traits

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       In a population of birds, the percentage of individuals having a certain gene changes from 20% to 60% over the span of several hundred years.

This situation will most likely affect the rate of

•      ecological succession

•      asexual reproduction

•      gene mutation

•      biological evolution

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        Each row in the chart below represents a different population of the same species of insect.

Which row shows the population with the greatest chance of survival in a changing environment?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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     The diagram shows the evolutionary relationships among several types of mammals.

Which mammal would be most closely related to a hippopotamus?

• deer

• whale

• pig

• cow

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        A scientist at a large natural history museum has a collection of fossils that were found throughout the world. Only a few of the fossils represent species that are still alive on Earth today.

One reason for this is that

•      most of the species that have ever lived on Earth are alive today

•      fossils of only extinct species have been found

•      most of the species that have ever lived on Earth are extinct

•      species alive today will not form any fossils for future discovery by scientists

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       In order for an ecosystem to remain stable there must be

•      gradual changes in the climate

•      drastic modifications to the environment

•      limited biodiversity

•      interrelationships and interdependencies among organisms

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         Four levels of an energy pyramid are represented in the diagram.

Which statement about this energy pyramid is correct?

•      Organisms in level 1 are autotrophic.

• Organisms in level 4 receive their energy directly from the Sun

•       Organisms in level 2 are carnivores.

•       Organisms in level 2 receive their energy from level 3.

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