machinery and equipment which are arranged in a sequence, and the product is developed as it proceeds through each step

• Automated production lines

• Capital intensive

• Lean management

• One-piece-flow

using a high degree of machinery and equipment during the production process

• Capital intensive

• Automated production lines

• Labour intensive

• Manufacturing businesses

a digital design tool that enables businesses to generate and modify technical illustrations of a product

• Computer-aided design

• Computer-aided manufacturing

• Capital intensive

• Website development

a software used to control and direct the production process by controlling machinery and equipment through a computer

• Computer-aided manufacturing

• Computer-aided design

• Master production schedule

• Total quality management

the ethical conduct of a business beyond legal obligations to improve the social, economic and environmental outcomes of stakeholders

• Corporate social responsibility

• Quality assurance

• Environmental sustainability

• Waste minimisation

the extent to which a business achieves its stated objectives.

• Effectiveness

• Operations management

• Waste minimisation

• Efficiency

how productively a business uses its resources when producing a good or service

• Efficiency

• Effectiveness

• Lean management

• Operations management

ensuring that natural resources are not permanently depleted or damaged

• Environmental sustainability

• Total quality management

• Corporate social responsibility

• Waste minimisation

a materials planning tool that predicts customer demand for an upcoming period using past data and market trends

• Forecasting

• Just in time

• Supply chain management

• Master production schedule

transferring specific business activities to an external business in an overseas country

• Global outsourcing

• Global sourcing of inputs

• Overseas manufacture

• Outsource