evolution and ecology questions

What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive in its environment?

• adaptation
• variation
• homologous structure
• vestigial structure

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• vestigial structures
• none of the above

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What is the process of which humans breed organisms for certain traits?

• artificial selection
• descent without modification
• inheritance of acquired characteristics
• natural selection

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Birds are eating all the green beetles. Because the brown beetles are surviving they reproduce more and make more brown beetles. This is called ___________

• Artificial Selection

• The Theory on the Origin of Species

• Natural Selection

• Mutation

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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4. When the industrial revolution started, the trees have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• White Moth

• Dark Moth

• Both are Equally Successful in this Environment

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Bone C: Shows the remnants of pelvic bones on a whale from when the whale used to be a land mammal. These bones no longer serve a function.

• Analogous Structure

• Homologous Structure

• Vestigial Structure

Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection? 

• More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.
• The organisms that are the fittest are always largest and strongest. 
• The number of offspring is not related to fitness.
• Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of evolution.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

By looking at the genes of some animals we can determine which living species are most closely related to each other. This also reveals which species most recently diverged from their common ancestor.

Based on the partial gene segments shown, which pair of animals are genetically most closely related and therefore most recently diverged from their common ancestor?

• Chimpanzee and Mouse

• Rat and Mouse

• Rat and Chimpanzee

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

In natural selection, the selective agent is the

• humans
• mutations
• breeders
• environment

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

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