Quiz about 8.L.3.3

Question 1

Consider this food web: Where is the largest amount of energy found in this food web?

Accepted Answer

grass

Answer

hawk

Answer

mouse

Answer

grasshopper

Question 2

The diagram shows a food web for an ocean ecosystem. How would an increasing shark population most likely affect this ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

The octopus population would decrease.

Answer

The algae population would decrease.

Answer

The limpet population would decrease.

Answer

The seagull population would decrease.

Question 3

Look at the picture of the water cycle. Which process is occurring at the arrow labeled 4?

Accepted Answer

precipitation

Answer

evaporation

Answer

transpiration

Answer

condensation

Question 4

Matter cycles between the environment and living organisms in a complex web of interactions. Which organisms provide the important link in Box A from dead organic matter to matter from the environment?

Accepted Answer

decomposers

Answer

autotrophs

Answer

parasites

Answer

photosynthesizers

Question 5

An energy pyramid is illustrated. Which statement BEST explains the flow of energy as it moves through the different levels?

Accepted Answer

Energy decreases as it is lost as heat to the environment.

Answer

Energy increases as it is gained from the environment.

Answer

Energy is unavailable because it is used up by the organisms at Level 1.

Answer

Energy is transferred as it is produced by organisms in the next level.

Question 6

Mountain pocket gophers are native to Nevada. Which activity of the gopher transfers energy from one trophic level to another in its ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

eating the roots of many plants

Answer

reproducing with other gopher species

Answer

storing food underground

Answer

digging burrows to live in

Question 7

The organisms shown live in the same habitat. Which BEST describes the exchange of energy between the organisms?

Accepted Answer

One organism obtains energy from the environment, while the others obtain energy by eating other organisms.

Answer

Each organism obtains energy from the environment.

Answer

Each organism obtains energy by eating other organisms.

Answer

One organism obtains energy by eating other organisms, while the others obtain energy from the environment.

Question 8

The diagram shows some organisms in an Antarctic food chain. Which BEST describes the role of krill in this food chain?

Accepted Answer

primary consumers

Answer

producers

Answer

decomposers

Answer

secondary consumers

Question 9

The pie chart illustrates the proportions of various gases in the atmosphere of Earth. Three of the following gases are part of Wedge Z in the pie chart. Which gas is NOT a part of Wedge Z?

Accepted Answer

nitrogen

Answer

argon

Answer

water vapor

Answer

carbon dioxide

Question 10

The diagram shows ecological relationships in an African savanna environment. What happens to the amount of energy available to organisms when moving from trophic level 1 to trophic level 2?

Accepted Answer

The energy decreases by approximately 90%.

Answer

The energy increases by approximately 90%.

Answer

The energy decreases by approximately 10%.

Answer

The energy increases by approximately 10%.

Question 11

The diagrams show different ways to represent energy flow. Although very different, both diagrams are acceptable because

Accepted Answer

both diagrams show the information accurately.

Answer

different energy diagrams require different organization.

Answer

the numbers of animals in the diagrams are different.

Answer

the energy levels change between diagrams.

Question 12

The picture shows the effect that wind can have on water movement. As the wind blows water away from shore, cold water moves up toward the surface bringing nutrients to the shallow waters. Which statement BEST identifies the relationship taking place in this example?

Accepted Answer

Abiotic factors can influence energy flow in an ecosystem.

Answer

Biotic interactions control the movement of nutrients in the ocean.

Answer

Abiotic parts of an environment make up parts of marine food webs.

Answer

Biotic interactions are causing an increase in food sources for marine life.

Question 13

A salt marsh has a variety of animals and plants. The pyramid represents the amount of energy transferred between organisms in a salt marsh. Which trophic level would lose the MOST useful energy as heat when organisms at that level feed on other organisms?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

5

Answer

4

Answer

3

Question 14

The nitrogen cycle is an important cycle found in ecosystems. Nitrogen is used by living organisms to produce a number of complex organic molecules. Most of the nitrogen is found in the atmosphere, where it exists as a gas. Nitrogen is made available in a useful form for animals in the

Accepted Answer

plants they eat.

Answer

air they breathe.

Answer

rainwater they drink.

Answer

fertilizers they absorb.

Question 15

Food webs are used to identify the feeding relationships between organisms. Which statement can be logically concluded about the food web shown?

Accepted Answer

Organism 8 is definitely a carnivore.

Answer

Organism 1 is most likely a type of bacteria.

Answer

Organism 2 is definitely an omnivore.

Answer

Organism 5 is most likely a plant eater.

Question 16

Meadows are grassland areas, usually low-lying with moist soil. Meadows support a rich variety of animal life. A food web for a meadow is shown. The removal of which populations of organisms would have the greatest impact on the food web?

Accepted Answer

grasses and shrubs

Answer

seed-eating birds

Answer

rabbits

Answer

snakes

Question 17

The cycling of materials such as carbon, water, and other nutrients are mainly dependent upon soil-dwelling organisms. Which pair of organisms shown are decomposers?

Accepted Answer

Fungi and Bacteria

Answer

Bacteria and Grass

Answer

Fungi and Mice

Answer

Mice and Grass

Question 18

The diagram shows sediments collected over time. Over millions of years, pressure is MOST likely to turn sediments at location A into which material?

Accepted Answer

petroleum

Answer

uranium

Answer

lava

Answer

granite

Question 19

Mushrooms are classified as decomposers. What will MOST likely happen after decomposition?

Accepted Answer

Matter will be used by producers.

Answer

Scavengers will be consumed decomposers.

Answer

Energy will be transferred to primary consumers.

Answer

Decomposers will be broken down living organisms.

Question 20

The food chain shows the flow of energy through an ecosystem. What is the role of decomposers in the system?

Accepted Answer

They recycle energy from dead organisms back to the ecosystem.

Answer

They recycle oxygen back into the ecosystem.

Answer

They absorb energy from sunlight to pass on to other organisms.

Answer

They obtain and use the energy that remains in living organisms.

Question 21

In a mangrove swamp, the roots of mangrove trees trap plant debris on which brown shrimp feed. Little blue herons are among the animals that feed on the brown shrimp living among the roots. Which BEST explains the role of brown shrimp in this food chain?

Accepted Answer

enabling energy to flow from detritus to other organisms

Answer

keeping populations of overabundant species under control

Answer

producing energy that forms the foundation of the food chain

Answer

processing organic material to produce nutrients for plant growth

Question 22

Scientists identified a new species of fungus. This organism is classified as a decomposer. Which statement BEST describes the role of the organism in its environment?

Accepted Answer

It breaks organic matter into its components.

Answer

It removes energy through oxidation.

Answer

It replicates itself by injecting a host cell.

Answer

It produces carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight.

Question 23

A bracket fungus grows on a log in a forest. The bracket fungus cannot produce its own food, but gains energy from other organisms. How does a bracket fungus contribute to the forest ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

by recycling materials from the log back into the soil

Answer

by storing genetic traits from cells in the log

Answer

by prolonging photosynthetic activity in the log

Answer

by preventing use of the log by invasive species

Question 24

This energy pyramid models the flow of energy between organisms in a Florida ecosystem. Which statement describes how energy flows in the pyramid?

Accepted Answer

Energy is lost between each level.

Answer

Energy is consumed only at Level 1.

Answer

The most energy available is at Level 3.

Answer

Equal amounts of energy are transferred between levels.

Question 25

The Florida Everglades include ridge-and-slough landscapes. When water moves slowly through the sloughs, dissolved oxygen decreases, which kills microbe populations. A continuation of this will have what immediate impact on the local ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Plants that die in the sloughs will not be cycled back into the ecosystem.

Answer

Plants will not grow in the sloughs.

Answer

Excess microbes from the ridges will migrate to the sloughs.

Answer

Biomass will stop moving between trophic levels in the sloughs.

Question 26

A diagram of an Everglades food web is shown. Energy is transferred from organism to organism in a food web. Some organisms, such as the leopard frog, are secondary consumers. Others, such as the grass carp, can be either primary or secondary consumers, depending on which organisms they consume. Which of the following populations in this food web provides the greatest amount of energy as a food source?

Accepted Answer

bladderwort

Answer

raccoon

Answer

grass carp

Answer

American alligator

Question 27

A marine food chain is shown. Which level of this food chain would be negatively affected initially if the secondary consumers were removed?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary consumers

Answer

Producers

Answer

Primary consumers

Answer

Quaternary consumers

Question 28

Significant destruction of a forest habitat will increase which gas in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

CO2

Answer

NO2

Answer

O2

Answer

N2

Question 29

Which statement BEST explains why only 10% of the energy produced is transferred to the next trophic level?

Accepted Answer

The energy is lost as heat to the environment.

Answer

Only a small percentage of energy is needed at higher levels.

Answer

Amount of energy remains the same but in different forms.

Answer

All the energy is used up by primary producers.

Question 30

Leaves fall from deciduous trees onto the forest floor. These leaves decay slowly and become part of the topsoil. Which change is MOST likely to have a positive impact on the nutrients available in the topsoil?

Accepted Answer

an increase in the number of decomposers

Answer

a decrease in temperature

Answer

a decrease in biodiversity

Answer

an increase in the number of predators

Question 31

Carbon cycles through several Earth subsystems. Which sequence MOST directly leads to the cycling of carbon that can result in the formation of petroleum?

Accepted Answer

biosphere to lithosphere

Answer

atmosphere to lithosphere

Answer

hydrosphere to atmosphere

Answer

biosphere to atmosphere

Question 32

When moist air comes in contact with a cold surface in the winter, one result can be frost. What is the process that occurs when water vapor in the air turns to frost?

Accepted Answer

deposition

Answer

sublimation

Answer

evaporation

Answer

condensation

Question 33

The presence of high temperatures during fossil-fuel formation results in a higher percentage of which product?

Accepted Answer

natural gas

Answer

tar

Answer

coal

Answer

crude oil

Question 34

In any ecosystem, organisms interact with biotic and abiotic parts of the environment. As a result of all of the interactions, the matter within the system is

Accepted Answer

recycled when organisms die.

Answer

produced when plants grow.

Answer

lost when animals and plants die.

Answer

formed when new animals are born.

Question 35

The natural transfer of 100 units of carbon between which two reservoirs would take the longest period of time?

Accepted Answer

from coal deposits to the atmosphere

Answer

from the atmosphere to the ocean

Answer

from marine organisms to the ocean

Answer

from land organisms to the atmosphere

Question 36

Which organisms contribute MOST to the decomposition of dead organisms?

Accepted Answer

bacteria

Answer

snakes

Answer

viruses

Answer

insects

Question 37

Some bacteria, fungi, and insects can decompose other organisms. Which BEST describes the role of insects in the decomposition process?

Accepted Answer

Insects help break down organic material.

Answer

Insects are the final step in the nutrient cycle.

Answer

Insects provide the nitrogen needed for producers.

Answer

Insects consume fungi and bacteria to produce carbon.

Question 38

A dung beetle is an insect that gathers waste from animals, rolls it into a compact ball, lays eggs in it, and buries it in the soil. This gives the eggs a warm, safe place to hatch and provides a food source for the developing larvae. Which impact does the dung beetle MOST likely have on its ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

It helps return nutrients to the soil.

Answer

It makes animal waste harder to degrade.

Answer

It causes an unhealthy accumulation of animal waste.

Answer

It depletes nutrients from the soil to benefit its young.

Question 39

How does the energy in each trophic level of an energy pyramid compare to the energy in the preceding level?

Accepted Answer

It has about 10% of the energy from the level below it.

Answer

It has about 5% of the energy from the level below it.

Answer

It has about 15% of the energy from the level below it.

Answer

It has about 20% of the energy from the level below it.

Question 40

How will clear-cutting of forests affect the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

It will increase because of decreased photosynthesis.

Answer

It will decrease because of increased respiration.

Answer

It will decrease because of decreased photosynthesis.

Answer

It will remain constant as respiring animals remove the carbon dioxide.

Question 41

In the water cycle, water moving from oceans to clouds involves which change in the water?

Accepted Answer

It turns from salt water to fresh water.

Answer

It changes from a solid to a gas.

Answer

Its crystal size becomes smaller.

Answer

Its chemical energy increases.

Question 42

Biotic nitrogen fixation is performed by certain

Accepted Answer

bacteria.

Answer

lichens.

Answer

viruses.

Answer

mammals.

Question 43

Which type of organism would MOST likely benefit directly from increased levels of

Accepted Answer

tree

Answer

fish

Answer

bird

Answer

mushroom

Question 44

In which process is nitrogen from the air put into a form that plants can use?

Accepted Answer

nitrogen fixation

Answer

nitrification

Answer

denitrification

Answer

nitrogen saturation

Question 45

When light reflects off certain crystals in the atmosphere, effects called halos appear. Which substance in the atmosphere forms these crystals?

Accepted Answer

water

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

sulfur dioxide

Answer

oxygen

Question 46

Which organisms are responsible for recycling nutrients from other decaying organisms?

Accepted Answer

decomposer

Answer

consumer

Answer

predator

Answer

producer

Question 47

Which process will directly result in organic matter being added to the soil?

Accepted Answer

bacteria breaking down dead matter

Answer

water freezing in cracks of rocks

Answer

glaciers carving out a valley

Answer

river water eroding the banks of a stream

Question 48

Which process causes water to move from the ocean to the atmosphere during the formation of a hurricane?

Accepted Answer

evaporation

Answer

condensation

Answer

precipitation

Answer

runoff

Question 49

Actinomycetes are bacteria that live in soil and give soil its moist, earthy smell. Actinomycetes break down cellulose and chitin even after soil conditions have become uninhabitable to many other organisms. Actinomycetes also produce certain antibiotics. Which term BEST classifies Actinomycetes?

Accepted Answer

decomposer

Answer

herbivore

Answer

producer

Answer

scavenger

Question 50

What type of precipitation occurs when raindrops freeze as they fall?

Accepted Answer

sleet

Answer

hail

Answer

frost

Answer

snow

Question 51

How does an ecosystem benefit when leaves fall from a tree and decompose on the soil?

Accepted Answer

Nutrients are released into the soil.

Answer

Soil erosion decreases.

Answer

Carbon dioxide is absorbed by the soil.

Answer

Soil temperature decreases.

Question 52

Energy from the Sun enters ecosystems through the transformation of light to chemical energy. This energy is available to different organisms based on the trophic level in which the organisms exist. Which statement BEST describes the availability of energy for organisms in different trophic levels?

Accepted Answer

Available energy decreases as trophic levels increase.

Answer

Available energy increases as trophic levels increase.

Answer

Primary consumers have the least energy available.

Answer

Tertiary consumers have the most energy available.

Question 53

Pileated woodpeckers are omnivorous birds that live in hardwood forests in Florida. Marvin is analyzing a food chain that includes pileated woodpeckers. Which should Marvin research before diagramming the food chain?

Accepted Answer

the types of wood-boring insects found in Florida

Answer

the number of decomposers found in the hardwood forest

Answer

the size of the carnivore population in the hardwood forest

Answer

the amount of energy required for a woodpecker to live for one day

Question 54

In an ecosystem, not all of the energy that is available is used by the organisms. Some energy becomes unavailable before it can be transferred to organisms in the next trophic level. How does the energy MOST likely become unavailable?

Accepted Answer

The energy is dissipated as heat.

Answer

The energy is stored as food.

Answer

The energy is trapped in dead organisms.

Answer

The energy is moved to another ecosystem.

Question 55

What is the main source of energy for the water cycle?

Accepted Answer

the Sun

Answer

fossil fuels

Answer

clouds

Answer

the ocean

Question 56

Which of the following sentences BEST explains what happens when puddles evaporate?

Accepted Answer

The water changes from one form to another.

Answer

The water absorbs into the ground.

Answer

The particles of matter move more slowly.

Answer

The particles of matter move closer together.

Question 57

Which factor BEST explains why biomass decreases as trophic level increases in a food pyramid?

Accepted Answer

Some of the energy is converted to heat.

Answer

The survival rate of organisms gradually decreases.

Answer

The availability of space decreases as feeding levels increase.

Answer

Toxic chemicals get concentrated as they move up the food web.

Question 58

If there is a great deal of precipitation occurring in a short time, which process in the water cycle will be affected first?

Accepted Answer

runoff

Answer

evaporation

Answer

condensation

Answer

transpiration

Question 59

Which mechanism helps carbon to cycle from the atmosphere to living organisms?

Accepted Answer

photosynthesis

Answer

tissue decomposition

Answer

cellular respiration

Answer

transpiration

Question 60

Phosphorus is required for organisms to synthesize DNA and phospholipids. In an ecosystem, phosphorus is transferred into the soil by the weathering of rocks. Phosphorus is absorbed by plants, which are consumed by herbivores. Carnivores obtain phosphorus through the consumption of herbivores. Which is a process that transfers phosphorus between an abiotic system and a biotic system?

Accepted Answer

a plant absorbing phosphorus from the soil

Answer

an herbivore consuming a plant

Answer

a carnivore consuming an herbivore

Answer

weathering of rocks releases phosphorus into the soil

8.L.3.3

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