Petroleum and Natural Gas Key Concepts 💡

Petroleum (crude oil) is a mixture of hydrocarbons (mainly ______).

Natural gas consists of mainly ______.

Petroleum is separated into useful fractions by _______ ________.

Fractional distillation of Petroleum

1. Petroleum is heated in a _______ and turned into _______.

Fractional distillation of Petroleum

2. The vapour is passed into the _______ _______.

Fractional distillation of Petroleum

3. As the hot vapour rises up the column, it begins to _______ and _______.

Fractional distillation of Petroleum

4. Lighter fractions have ______ boiling points. They are collected at the _____ of the fractionating column as gases.

Heavier fractions have ______ boiling points. They are collected at the _____ sections of the fractionating column.

Name the petroleum fraction in which the compounds have the lowest boiling points.

• petrol

• naphtha

• petroleum gas

• diesel oil

Name the petroleum fraction in which the compounds have the lowest boiling points.

• petrol

• naphtha

• petroleum gas

• diesel oil

Give the use of bitumen.

• for cooking and heating

• raw material for petrochemical industry

• fuel for buses, lorries and trains

• paving road surfaces