Practical Research I

Style or pattern of citation wherein the original text is shortened and expressed in your own language.

• SUMMARY

• PARAPHRASE

• SHORT DIRECT QUOTATION

• LONG DIRECT QUOTATION

Pattern of citation wherein you explain what the text means by using your own words.

• SUMMARY

• PARAPHRASING

• SHORT DIRECT QUOTATION

• LONG DIRECT QUOTATION

Patterns of citation that only a part of the author’s sentence, the whole sentence, or several sentences, not exceeding 40 words is copied.

• SUMMARY

• PARAPHRASE

• SHORT DIRECT QUOTATION

• LONG DIRECT QUOTATION

According to Cronin, Ryan & Coughlan (2008), you can also organize your related review of literature and studies by starting it from a general issue of topic, then lower it down to specific issues in the literature until it reaches and links to your research title, question, research keywords, thesis statement and hypothesis.

WHAT STYLES IN CITING RELATED STUDIES IS BEING USED?

• APA

• MLA

• CHICAGO

• NONE

Local initiatives on water quality control, usage, and management are essential as legal framework to lessen the environmental impact and poor human health (Walag, Canencia, and Fiedler, 2018).

WHAT STYLE IN CITING RELATED STUDIES IS BEING USED?

• APA

• MLA

• CHICAGO

• NONE