Quiz about Topic 1: Foundations of environmental systems and societies

Question 1

The environmental view in Judaeo-Christian religions is that of

Accepted Answer

Stewardship

Answer

technocentric.

Answer

Ecocentric

Question 2

Which manager would support measures such as desalination and synthetic water production?

Accepted Answer

Technocentric

Answer

Stewardship

Answer

Anthropocentric

Question 3

Who places inherent worth on all components of the biosphere regardless of benefits they may provide to humans?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic value

Answer

Instrumental Value

Answer

Ecological value

Question 4

Who put more value on nature than humanity from the following.

Accepted Answer

Deep Ecologists

Answer

Ecologist

Answer

Both

Question 5

The first major conference on international environmental issues was held in

Accepted Answer

Sweden

Answer

Brazil

Answer

USA

Question 6

Earth Day is marked on

Accepted Answer

22nd April

Answer

5th June

Answer

21st May

Question 7

An environmental value system can be influenced by cultural, religious, economic, and socio-cultural context. True or False

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 8

An extreme technocentric view is the cornucopian viewpoint. -True or False

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 9

A system is comprised of .

Accepted Answer

Both

Answer

Storage

Answer

flows

Question 10

The flows are processes which can be transfers or transformations. -True or false

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 11

Photosynthesis and water movements are two examples of transformations. True or false

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 12

What can be used to predict how global surface temperature will change during the 21st Century.

Accepted Answer

Model

Answer

Systems

Answer

Both

Question 13

An isolated system exchange matter or energy with its surroundings. True or false.

Accepted Answer

False.

Answer

True

Question 14

Leaf fall and tissue decay are not processes present in a forest/woodland system. True or false

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 15

Models allow scientists to simplify complex systems. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 16

Oversimplifying models can lead to them being accurate or good accurate. - True or false.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 17

The Earth can be seen as a what form of system.

Accepted Answer

Closed

Answer

Isolated

Answer

Open

Question 18

Ecosystems are open systems. Closed systems only exist experimentally although the global geochemical cycles approximate to closed systems. - True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 19

Models allow results to be shown to other scientists and to the public and are easier to understand than detailed information about the whole system. True or false

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 20

Different forms of energy include light, heat, and kinetic. - True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 21

During transfers and transformations, energy is lost from systems leading to what form of energy

Accepted Answer

Entropy

Answer

New System

Answer

New Energy

Answer

all

Question 22

Most open systems in nature are in what form of equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

Steady state

Answer

Stable

Answer

Static

Question 23

Self-regulation in many systems is controlled by negative feedback and positive feedback mechanisms. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 24

More population leads to more births, and more births lead to an increasing population creating a compounding effect over time. This is an example of What?

Accepted Answer

None of these

Answer

First law

Answer

Second las

Question 25

Decrease in local water circulation in the Amazon rainforest could lead to a tipping point being reached, eventually leading to desertification. True or false. -

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 26

The more diverse/complex an ecosystem, the more resilient it tends to be due to more interactions between species. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 27

Humans can reduce diversity by species extinction which leads to less of the following?

Accepted Answer

None of these

Answer

Static Equilibrium

Answer

Stable Equilibrium

Question 28

The principle of conservation of energy can be modelled by the energy transfers along food chains and energy production systems. True or false.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 29

The second law of thermodynamics explains the inefficiency and decrease in available energy along a food chain and energy generation systems. True or false

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 30

Natural systems can actually be isolated because there must always be an input of energy for work True or false.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 31

The death of a canopy tree in the rainforest leaves a gap in the canopy, which eventually closes again through the process of succession .This is an example of which equilibrium

Accepted Answer

Steady State

Answer

Unstable

Answer

Steady

Question 32

No natural systems are in static equilibrium because all have inputs and outputs of energy and matter. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 33

A positive feedback mechanism is not enhancing climate change. Such mechanisms are often linked to tipping points when the system becomes unstable and forms a new equilibrium.

True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False.

Question 34

If the rate of deforestation is less than the annual growth of the forest, then the forest removal is unsustainable. True or false

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 35

Environmental indicators and ecological footprints can be used to assess what factor.

Accepted Answer

None of these

Answer

Carbon Foot print

Answer

Carbon Waste

Question 36

An example of an international summit or conference addressing environmental issues is the Kyoto Protocol. True or false

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 37

Examples of non-renewable capital include fossil fuels and mineral.

Accepted Answer

Mineral

Answer

Soil

Answer

Ozone

Question 38

EIAs provide decision makers with information to consider the environmental impact of a project. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 39

The first stage of an EIA is to carry out a what kind of study?.

Accepted Answer

Baseline study

Answer

Initial study

Answer

Pioneer study

Question 40

Variables such as soil and species diversity are not measures as a part of EIAs.

True or false

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 41

Sustainability is often thought of as a long-term goal, while sustainable development refers to the many processes and pathways to achieve it. True or false

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 42

As a model, ecological footprints are able to provide a quantitative estimate of human ecological footprints also. True or false

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 43

Sustainable development consists of two pillars: economic development & social development

- True or false

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 44

Measurements of what factor may be used quantitatively as environmental indicators of sustainability.

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Sustainable

Question 45

A baseline study establishes the biodiversity of an area to be developed so that potential negative effects can be prevented. True or false

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 46

Pollution can be human in origin or natural such as from what format?

Accepted Answer

None of these

Answer

Algae

Answer

limestone

Question 47

.Pollution includes the release of substances which harm the sustainable quality of air, water, and soil. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 48

If a symptom of pollution is the acidification of lakes, then the cause of this pollution is the emission of carbon materials. True or false.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 49

.The nuclear explosion at Chernobyl, Ukraine and Fukushima, Japan are good examples of

Accepted Answer

Both point-source pollution

Answer

non-point-source pollution

Answer

c)Both

Question 50

.Non-Point-source pollution is generally more easily managed. - True or false

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 51

The effects of pollution can be acute or chronic. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 52

Which pollution is active on emission whereas secondary pollution arises when primary pollutants undergo physical or chemical change.

Accepted Answer

primary

Answer

Point Source.

Answer

None of these

Question 53

There has been a correlation between the use of DDT and the reduction of malaria rates.

True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 54

DDT harms the top predators and they have a high concentration of chemicals in their bodies due to the process is called as

Accepted Answer

biomagnification

Answer

bioaccumulation

Answer

Non Point Source

Question 55

Most industrial nations adopt a cornucopian approach to the environment, believing that people can find a solution to the problems created by human (mis-)use of the environment, such as those caused by pollution. True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 56

Power stations may emit sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide into the air: the deposition affects a wide area, and combines with the pollution from a variety of sources, and so is an example of

Accepted Answer

Point Source Pollution

Answer

Non-point source pollution

Answer

Both of these

Question 57

What form of pollutants are ones that cannot be broken down by living organisms and so are passed along food chains?

Accepted Answer

Persistent

Answer

Biodegradable

Answer

Non Persistent

Question 58

What form of pollutants are ones that are not stored in biological matter or passed along food chains.

Accepted Answer

Biodegradable

Answer

Persistent

Answer

Non Persistent

Question 59

DDT is not very soluble in water but is very soluble in lipids (fats). True or false.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Topic 1: Foundations of environmental systems and societies

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