Translation Methods

According to House (1977), covert translation...

• ...enjoys the status of its SL in the target language's culture.

• ...is closely subjected to the SL culture and doesn't enjoy the SL in the target language.

• ...attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original text.

• ...abides by the cultural norms of the target language.

Peter Newmark (1981) establishes two different methods of translation:

• Covert translation and overt translation.

• Foreignization and domestication.

• Iusta via media and Semantic translation.

• Semantic translation and Communicative translation.

According to Venuti, what are the differences between Foreignization and Domestication?

• Foreignization replaces the SL's cultural features, while Domestication preserves them.

• Foreignization abides by the cultural norms of the TL, while Domestication retains the SL's norms.

• Foreignization preserves the SL's cultural elements, while Domestication replaces them.

• Foreignization enjoys the SL's status in the TL, while Domestication is closely linked to the TL's culture.

True or False: "Iusta via media" is a successfully established middle point between literal and non-literal translation.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

"Iusta via media" is an attempt to establish a middle ground between the two conventional ideas of translation, considered extreme. But a common agreement on this hasn't been reached yet.

According to Peter Newmark, communicative translation...

• ...attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the SL, with help from semantics and syntax.

• ...attempts to produce on TL readers an effect as close as possible to the one obtained in the SL.

• ... is closely linked to the SL's culture.

• ...retains the norms and cultural elements from the SL text.

"Translation can be conceived as a communicative transaction, a pragmatic action and a semiotic interaction". Name the author(s) of this quote.

• Newmark (1998)

• Toury (1980)

• Schleiermacher (1813)

• Hatim & Mason (1990)