A(n) __________________ consists of organisms and the environment in which they live.

• classroom

• pizza shop

• ecosystem

• solar system

An abiotic component of an ecosystem, required by plants to perform photosynthesis

• sunlight

• water

• oxygen

• soil

Look at the diagram of the food web. The arrows means “eaten by.”

What will happen if the number of snakes goes down?

• The owl will eat the grass

• The number of frogs will go down

• The hawk and owl will have less food

• The number of mice and grasshoppers will go up.

The transfer of energy from one organism to the next in an ecosystem begins with a producer. A producer is an organism that produces its own food. A consumer is an organism in a food chain that obtains energy from producers or other consumers; consumers may be herbivores or carnivores.

Which food chain correctly describes the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

• grass → grasshopper → fish → human

• grasshopper → fish → human

• human → fish → grasshopper

• human → grasshopper → fish → grass

All energy transformations in an ecosystem begin with

• a scavenger
• the sun
• a decomposer
• a herbivore

a deer population has significantly increased, the best hypothesis is 

• the deer's main predator has been eliminated
• competition increased
• decreased water levels of local ponds
• organisms that rely on similar food sources migrated to the area

an organism that can produce its own food through photosynthesis

• consumer
• heterotroph
• autotroph
• herbivore

an example of producer consumer relationship would be

• lion eating a deer
• grasshopper getting energy from grass
• hawk getting energy from snakes
• earthworm breaking down dead material

Mark all the organisms that are considered producers

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• 
• 
• 
• 

Mushrooms often grow around dead plants such as decomposing trees. They break down these dead organisms and put energy that stores in the plant back into the ground for other plants to use. What type of consumer are mushrooms?

• carnivore

• omnivore

• herbivore

• decomposer