Unit 1 (Introduction to Psych) Psychology Review Quiz

An _______ ______ for acquiring knowledge is one based on observation, including experimentation, rather than a method based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is empirical method!

Which choice is an accurate definition of a hypothesis?

• an idea that proves a theory

• a means of explaining social phenomena

• a way of looking at the world

• a tentative explanation that must be tested

Answer explanation

A hypothesis is something that needs to be tested in order to know whether or not it is an accurate claim.

Identify which of the following is NOT something that the study of psychology refers to.

• scientific study of the mind and behavior

• scientific study of human development

• observations based on biased opinions

• all of the above

Answer explanation

When researching it is very important to NOT base things in persona opinions and bias.

The empirical method of study is based on _______?

• logical positivism

• observation of phenomena

• practice of skills

• personal validation

Answer explanation

Theories are based off of observations and inductive reasoning which leads to a hypothesis that can be tested with research.

Which of the following exemplifies the empirical method?

• a student ins a psychology class writes his term paper on whether or not fish feel pain

• a student writes a letter to his professor requesting a change in course policy

• Ms. Kilba decides to start her course later because so many students arrive late

• Dr. Campbell observes and records how watching cartoons influences heart rates.

Answer explanation

Dr. Campbell is basing their research off of things they are observing which is critical to follow in the empirical method.

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines __________ as objectively as possible.

• another person's consciousness

• their own conscious experience

• their own unconscious wishes

• the social construction of consciousness

Answer explanation

Introspection is when someone considers their own experiences, thoughts, and emotions.

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by doing what?

• studying how emotional responses influence behavior while deemphasizing the subconsious

• studying implicit motivations for behavior through the use of implicit association tests

• studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

• studying the genetic basis for behavior and theorizing how instincts influence behavior.

Answer explanation

Behaviorism focuses on what is observed and not on the inner processes that lead to the behavior.

Which perspective within psychology emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans?

• Behaviorism

• Gestalt psychology

• Humanism

• Structuralism

The APA is what organization?

A(n) ________ is a well-developed set of ideas that proposes and explanation for observed phenomena.

• conclusion

• hypothesis

• operational definition

• theory