What are the mechanisms leading to Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI)?

• Overdistension of alveoli

• Repeated recruitment and collapse of alveoli

• Inflammatory mediators

• High FiO2

Choose the correct strategy regarding the aims of mechanical ventilation in ARDS

• Limit tidal volume

• Limit FiO2

• Limit minute ventilation

• Limit PEEP

When should you consider to reduce PEEP in Lung Protective Strategy?

• Increasing vasopressor requirements

• Improvement in oxygen saturation

• Pplat of 28 cm H2O

• Unable to achieve set tidal volume

You are setting the ventilator for a patient with severe ARDS. The patient is dependent on an FiO2 of 1.0. The PEEP that should be set for the patient is

• 5 cmH20

• 8 cmH2O

• 10 cmH2O

• 18 cmH2O

You are ventilating a patient with severe ARDS. The patient's Ideal Body Weight is 60kg. Which of the following will be your initial settings?

• TV 360ml

• RR 18

• FiO2 0.5

• PEEP 5 cmH2O

You are ventilating a patient with ARDS. You notice that the Pplat is 35 cm H2O. You should

• decrease RR

• decrease PEEP

• decrease pressure support

• decrease TV

Which of the following are strategies when ventilating the obstructive lung with hypercapnoea?

• Increase RR

• Prolong expiration time

• Ensure Ppeak is not more than 30

• Increase tidal volume

While ventilating your severe asthma patient, you notice that the pressure alarm has set off. The generated tidal volume is 150ml. Patient starts to desaturate. What should you do?

• Increase tidal volume

• Increase set pressure limit

• Increase RR

• Convert to pressure setting

How do you rectify the highlighted issue in this asthma patient?

• add on magnesium sulphate

• disconnect the ventilator

• increase inspiratory flow rate

• continuous nebulised salbutamol

A rising Pplat in the severe asthma could indicate

• Worsening bronchospasm

• Expansion of pneumothorax

• Inadequate bronchodilator use

• Inadequate minute ventilation