Lecture 6 - Theories of motivation

The study of ____________ is concerned with why people behave in a certain way. 

• personality

• learning

• diversity

• motivation

What is represented by the letter X in the formula: X = function (ability × motivation)? 

• Effectiveness

• Output

• Performance

• Perception

Which of the following is one of Mitchell’s range of motivation characteristics?

• Motivation is usually instinctive.

• Motivation has one facet.

• Motivation has an individual and group phenomenon.

• Motivation is usually intentional.

Extrinsic motivation is related to . . . 

• Things such as sense of challenge

• Being treated in a caring way

• Positive recognition

• Rewards such as salary

According to Herzberg, which of the following may be regarded as motivator/growth factor?

• Company policy

• Salary

• Working conditions

• Recognition

Which of the following is the most basic in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

• Safety

• Self-actualisation

• Love

• Physiological

Maslow's hierarchy of needs . . . 

• Has a fixed order from widest bottom to narrow top

• Is not universal among cultures

• Is not necessarily in a fixed order for all

• Has a fixed order from top to bottom

Expectancy theory suggests that managers need to be aware of the _________________ of work motivation.

• Unpredictability

• Individuality

• Consistency

• Complexity

What do process theories of motivation emphasise?

• What motivates individuals

• Nature of work motivation

• How motivation is developed

• The external factors

Which theory focuses on people’s feelings of how fairly they have been treated in comparison with the treatment received by others?

• Equity

• McLelland’s

• Expectancy

• Herzberg’s