Chap 1.1 Vocab Prac Quiz 2023 24

A legal system of common law origin where two parties advocate opposing positions and a neutral finder of fact such as a judge or jury determines the truth in the matter.

• Criminal Justice System

• Adversarial System

• Lex Talionis

• Finder of Fact

A trial without a jury, in which the judge serves as the factfinder

• Equality

• Corrections

• Bench Trial

• Civil Liberties

The first ten Amendments to the Constitution which guarantee many fundamental rights.

• Just Deserts

• Due Process

• Individual Rights

• Bill of Rights:

Individual rights protected by law from violation by the government.

• Civil Liberties

• Incarceration

• Equity

• Due Process:

The various methods and institutions by which society deals with criminal offenders, such as prisons, jails, probation, and parole.

• Finder of Fact

• Criminal Justice System

• Adversarial System

• Corrections

Government entity authorized to resolve legal disputes

• Incarceration

• Court

• Finder of Fact

• Criminal Justice System

An act or omission that is prohibited by law and has an associated punishment

• Crime

• Exclusionary Rule

• Criminal Justice System

• Discretion

The several sets of agencies and processes established by governments to prevent and control crime and impose penalties on those who violate laws.

• Discretion

• Corrections

• Adversarial System

• Criminal Justice System

In a civil case, the person or organization against whom the plaintiff brings suit; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.

• Defendant

• Plaintiff

• Accused

• Finder of Fact

A lawyer retained for and usually specializing in the defense of a person accused of a crime.

• Prosecutor

• Defendant

• Defense Counsel

• Judge