Linguistics

What is the origin of linguistics ?

• The origin of linguistics stems from the human need to study the language in order to understand its functionality from different perspectives of analysis.

• "Linguistic" was invented by an Englishman called John of Garland in 1220 — he had written a book Dictionarius to help with Latin "diction".

• Records trace the history of linguistics more than 2,000 years ago to ancient China. Greece, Rome, and parts of Central America also claim to have started with linguistics; but it was England that transitioned linguistics.

How was the development of linguistics?

• The study of the language gave rise to linguistics. Consequently, the study of the language began from different ancient civilizations such as the Greek, until reaching the father of the linguistics, Ferdinand de Saussure.

• The concept has never evolved because linguistics has always been the same

• The development of LINGUISTICS as the main component of a communicative system infrastructure is influenced by direct external developments (such as the globalisation and privatisation of the languages industry.

What is the difference between language and linguistics ?

• Language is a system of communication but linguistics is the systematic study of the language.

• Linguistics, at its core, refers to the rules of language. Language, on the other hand, tries to explain the science of linguistics.

• There are different types of writing systems, depending on what linguistic units are represented by their graphemes: phonemic (or alphabetic) writing systems represent phonemes (e.g. English, Greek)

Why does language exist ?

• There are countless reasons that motivate the creation of languages; some of them are making our communication more beautiful.

• The language was originated from the communicative need of human beings who need to express their ideas and emotions in certain contexts.

• Linguistics was developed by a Semitic people living in or near Egypt. They based it on the idea developed by the Egyptians, but used their own specific symbols. It was quickly adopted by their neighbors and relatives to the east and north, the Canaanites, the Hebrews, and the Phoenicians.

How did the language evolve?

• Over the years different source theories have emerged by various authors like Physical Adaptation by Charles Darwin,

  Innatism by Noam Chomsky,

  Natural Sound Source by Max Muller, and social Interaction Source by Lev Vygotsky

  Divine source, depending on each culture perspective.

• The Evolution of language: Tense, Aspect, and Modality. Joan Bybee and her colleagues present a new theory of the evolution of Language that links structure and meaning in a way that directly challenges most contemporary versions of generative linguistic.

• Language itself probably dates back to cavemen and the earliest shamans, who chronicled events in picture-stories, symbols, songs, and tales to chronicle hunts and features of the land on which these people survived. Poetry also took nomads into altered or supernatural realms.

Some of the characteristics of language reflected through the following phenomena are complexity, duality and other relevant factors such as arbitrariness.

• False

• True

Two basic concepts about linguistics from Saussure's studies are Langue and Parole.

• False

• True

According to the Innatism raised by Chomsky; all human beings do not have the competence to communicate with other individuals.

• False

• True

Langue is the same concept of competence as Parole is the same concept of performance.

• True

• False