Wave Effects

The diagrams show water waves that move more slowly after passing into shallow water. Which diagram shows what happens to the waves?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The wave reaches point P. What is the name of the effect that causes the wave to reach point P?

• diffraction

• dispersion

• reflection

• refraction

The diagram represents circular wavefronts coming from point S. The wavefronts strike a barrier and are reflected so that they appear to come from point S1.

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A water wave moves quickly in deep water. The wave now enters shallow water and its speed decreases. Which row shows what happens to the frequency of the wave, and what happens to thewavelength of the wave?

• Frequency: decreases. Wavelength: decreases.

• Frequency: decreases. Wavelength: does not change.

• Frequency: does not change. Wavelength: decreases.

• Frequency: does not change. Wavelength: does not change.

The diagram shows a water wave passing through a gap in a harbour wall. The wavefronts curveround the wall and reach a small boat in the harbour. What is the name of this curving effect, and how can the gap be changed so that the wavefronts do not reach the boat?

• name of effect: diffraction. change to the gap: make the gap slightly bigger.

• name of effect: diffraction. change to the gap: make the gap slightly smaller.

• name of effect: refraction. change to the gap: make the gap slightly bigger.

• name of effect: refraction. change to the gap: make the gap slightly smaller.

Which waves are longitudinal?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Waves travel more quickly on the surface of water when the water is deep. A stone is dropped at point X into a pool of varying depth. The diagram shows the first wavefront on the surface of the pool. The region between X and which labelled point is likely to be the deepest?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The diagram shows the surface of water in a ripple tank. A wave travels in the direction of the arrow towards a gap in a barrier. What happens to the wave as it passes through the gap, and what happens to the shape of the wavefronts after passing through the gap?

• what happens at the gap: diffraction. shape after passing through the gap: curved.

• what happens at the gap: diffraction. shape after passing through the gap: straight.

• what happens at the gap: refraction. shape after passing through the gap: curved.

• what happens at the gap: refraction. shape after passing through the gap: straight.

A boy throws a small stone into a pond. Waves spread out from where the stone hits the waterand travel to the side of the pond. The boy notices that eight waves reach the side of the pond in a time of 5.0s. What is the frequency of the waves?

• 0.20Hz

• 0.63Hz

• 1.6Hz

• 40Hz

Water waves can be used to show reflection, refraction and diffraction. For each of these, which row shows whether or not the speed of the water waves changes?

• A

• B

• C

• D