Early Exploration and Settlements

The process by which commodities (horses, tomatoes, sugar, etc.), people, and diseases crossed the Atlantic.

• Land Grant

• Columbian Exchange

• Plantation Exchange

• Shipping Charters

Spanish explorers given the rights by the Spanish ruler to explore and settle in the Americas.

• Reformer

• Settler

• Conquistador

• Presidios

towns, or centers of trade

• Mission

• Presidios

• Pueblo

forts, usually built near missions

• Mission

• Presidios

• Pueblo

religious communities

• Mission

• Presidios

• Pueblo

A large farm. First worked by Native Americans, then by enslaved Africans.

• Presidios

• Mission

• Plantation

• Family Farm

Religious and political challenge to create change in the Catholic Church.

• Protestantism

• Catholicism

• Reformation

• Martinism

A form of Christianity that began in opposition to the Catholic Church.

• Protestantism

• Catholicism

• Reformation

A direct water route along the north coast of North America to Asia.

• Northwest Passage

• Mission Place

• Plantation River

Paid rent and worked for their lord for a set period each year.

• Northwest Passage

• Plantation Place

• Tennant Farmers