Module 3

Are the cytoplasm and the cytosol the same?

• No

• Yes

Answer explanation

Cytoplasm is EVERYTHING inside the cell between the cell's membrane and the nucleus. Technically, cytoplasm includes all organelles except the nucleus.

Cytosol is just the intracellular fluid.

Which of the following mean the same thing? Choose all that apply.

• extracellular fluid

• cytosol

• interstitial fluid

• cytoplasm

Answer explanation

The fluid outside the cell (and between neighboring cells) is called extracellular fluid OR interstitial fluid.

Why do the heads of the phospholipids all face outwards towards the extracellular fluid or inwards towards the cytosol?

• because they are hydrophilic

• because they are hydrophobic

Which macromolecule is NOT found in the cell membrane?

• protein

• nucleic acid

• lipid

• carbohydrate

Which type of transport requires energy from the cell?

• passive transport

• active transport

Which type of transport DOES NOT require energy from the cell and instead, relies on a concentration gradient?

• passive transport

• active transport

What type of transport is shown in this image?

• simple diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• endocytosis

• osmosis

Answer explanation

when the solute is able to move directly between the phospholipids to enter the cell, that transport is simple diffusion.

What type of transport is shown in this image?

• simple diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• endocytosis

• osmosis

Answer explanation

when the solute enter through a protein in the membrane (down the concentration gradient) that transport is facilitated diffusion.

What type of transport is shown in this image?

• simple diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• endocytosis

• osmosis

Answer explanation

Notice the solute is moving from LOW concentration to HIGH (against its concentration gradient) and also that ATP energy is required. Both of these clues indicate that this transport is active transport.

What type of transport is shown in these images?

• simple diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• endocytosis

• osmosis

Answer explanation

The clues of isotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic indicate that this transport process is osmosis.