IGPE Chp. 1 Skeletal & Muscle

Name the bones that articulate at the shoulder joint.

• Cranium, Ribs, Carpal.

• Humerus, Radius, Ulna

• Clavicle, scapula, humerus.

• Pelvis, Femur, Tibia

Answer explanation

Clavicle = Collar Bone

Scapula = Shoulder blade

Humerus = Upper arm bone

Name and explain two functions of the skeletal system.

• Shape and support (Bones provide a frame e.g. Spine enables us to stay upright)

• The maximum amount of air you can breathe out after breathing in as much as you can

• Transporting blood around the body (to the working tissues)/transporting oxygen and nutrients and removing waste products

Name the four classifications of bones

• Round, Fixed, Irregular, Long

• Short, Long, Flat, Regular

• Flat, short, long, irregular

• Circle, Rectangle, Oval, Square

Name 5 bones in the lower body

• Cranium, spinal cord, ribs, pelvis, patella, talus, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

• Clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metatarsals, phalanges

• Pelvis, femur, patella, fibula, tibia, talus, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

Provide an example of a hinge joint and state all the types of movement possible at that joint

• Ankle (Plantar & Dorsiflexion)

• Knee, elbow (flexion and extension)

• Hips, shoulder (Flexion, extension, rotation, circumduction, adduction, abduction)

Provide an example of a ball and socket joint and state all the types of movement possible at that joint

• Knee, elbow (flexion, extension)

• Ankle (Plantar, Dorsiflexion)

• Shoulder, hip (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, rotation)

Define the term ‘abduction’

• Sideways movement away from the midline/centre of the body

• Sideways movement towards the midline/centre of the body

Ball and socket and hinge joints are both types of which joint?

• fixed (immoveable)

• cartilaginous (slightly moveable)

• Synovial (freely moveable)

Name the five components/structures of a synovial joint

• Tendons, ligaments, synovial fluid, synovial membrane

• Fibrous/joint capsule, tendons, cartilage, synovial membrane, synovial fluid

• Fibrous/joint capsule, ligaments, cartilage, synovial membrane, synovial fluid

What is the name of the structure that surrounds and protects the synovial joint, helping to hold the bones together?

• Joint/fibrous capsule

• Synovial membrane

• Cartilage

• Ligaments