Ecology cycles

Humans increase carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, and contribute to the carbon cycle by

• combustion from driving cars.

• planting trees to improve photosynthesis.

• conserving energy with alternative energies.

• using more solar power electricity.

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Nitrogen in the air must be "fixed" before it can be used by plants. Atmospheric nitrogen is "fixed" by

• plants.

• bacteria

• bacteria and insects.

• bacteria and fungi (decomposers).

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Organisms, such as plants or phytoplankton that carry out photosynthesis, would cause a decrease of which gas in the atmosphere?

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• Water

• Ozone

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In the carbon cycle, decomposers return carbon to the soil. Which of the following is NOT something that decomposers can break down?

• Waste products like urine or feces

• The bodies of dead plants and animals.

• Carbon dioxide found in the air

• Scraps of discarded food

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following is common to the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the water cycle?

• The substances are rearranged into different types of molecules as they move through their cycles.

• The substances must pass through organisms in order to complete their cycles.

• The largest reserves of these substances are always in organisms.

• These substances are required by all living things and are involved in many processes that occur in all living

  things.

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Water can be returned to the atmosphere through the leaves of plants by

• evaporation.

• condensation.

• precipitation.

• transpiration

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For the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle to function properly, which organisms must always be present?

• Decomposers

• Herbivores

• Parasites

• Predators

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere primarily by

• consumption by animals.

• combustion and cellular respiration by consumers.

• elimination of waste by animals.

• photosynthesis by producers.

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Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT .

• photosynthesis

• transpiration

• burning of fossil fuels

• decomposition of plants and animals

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The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings

• Biology

• Ecology

• Chemistry

• Botany

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