Mutations: The Potential Power of a Small Change

In the movie, Tim says that genetic mutations are permanent changes to DNA or RNA. What does this mean?

• the changes are minor (small)

• the changes will always be there

• the changes are major (big)

• the changes will NOT always be there

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Which of the following traits is encoded in your DNA?

• your personality

• what you like and do not like

• your intelligence

• your eye color

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What types of living organisms have no genetic material at all?

• insects

• bacteria

• plants

• all living organisms have genetic material

Why do most changes to DNA have no effect at all?

• because they're too minor to have any effect

• because RNA helps to fix the changes because RNA never changes

• because the changes are quickly repaired

• because the changes only occur in a few cells

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Which word describes the majority of permanent genetic mutations?

• helpful

• minor

• harmful

• beneficial

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What usually happens to a cell that has damaged DNA?

• it has trouble making certain proteins

• its genetic material leaves the nucleus

• it is able to produce twice as many proteins as a normal cell

• its size reduces to half its normal size (it shrinks)

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How are cancerous cells different from normal cells?

• cancerous cells are shaped differently than normal cells

• cancerous cells divide more frequently than normal cells

• cancerous cells contain chemicals not found in normal cells

• cancerous cells need more oxygen than normal cells

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Which of the following is an example of a beneficial mutation?

• when an organism's lifespan become shorter

• when an organism becomes unable to reproduce

• when an organism's body becomes deformed (deformado)

• when an organism develops immunity (inmunidad) to a disease

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When a beneficial mutation spreads through an entire population of organisms, that population:

• has not evolved

• has evolved

• goes extinct (extinto)

• continues to mutate

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When do random, or spontaneous, mutations happen?

• during cell divsion

• when cells are exposed to hazardous (dangerous) chemicals

• when cells are exposed to certain viruses

• when cells are exposed to radiation

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