Unit 1: Foundations of U.S. Government

- States had different money systems

- States ignored needs of other states

- States competed in trade

Which document led to the conditions listed above?

• Articles of Confederation

• Magna Carta

• Declaration of Independence

• Mayflower Compact

"To the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives in Congress assembled: We the undersigned, citizens of the United States, but deprived of some of the privileges and immunities of citizens among which is the right to vote, beg leave to submit the following Resolutions..." -Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1873)

This statement is an example of citizen's constitutional right to

• Petition for a redress of grievances

• Seek election to public office

• Receive a speedy, public trial

• Assemble peacefully

The 15th Amendment expanded African Americans' ability to participate in the political process. How did this expand upon the rights outlined in the Bill of Rights?

• By ensuring the election of an African American to each state's legislature.

• By requiring states to create congressional districts specifically for African Americans.

• By removing an economic barrier that prevented many African Americans from voting.

• By granting African American men the right to vote.

Ken's Thesis Statement: The Articles of Confederation created a strong Central Government

PASSAGE: Shay's Rebellion showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. When the central government couldn't put down the rebellion, the Congress could not tax or not raise an Army without State permission and support which made it difficult to control insurrection.

Ken, while writing a paper on Early American History, found this passage above. Describe one way the passage above REFUTES Ken's thesis on the Articles of Confederation.

• The passage shows how powerful the Central Government was under the Articles

• The passage shows how the Articles of Confederation could not put down an uprising by citizens which actually was an example of how weak the Articles were; not strong.

• The passage shows since we lost the American Revolution the Articles were weak

• The passage shows the great success the Articles had

"...Now, one of the most essential branches of English liberty is the freedom of one's house. A man's house is his castle; and whilst he is quiet he is as well guarded as a prince in his castle..." - James Otis, Against the Writs of Assistance, 1761

Which provision in the Bill of Rights includes this same belief?

• Right to a fair trial

• Protection against unreasonable search and seizure

• Guarantee against double jeopardy

• Prohibition of cruel an unusual punishment

A list of several ways citizens can influence their government is shown. What type of government do they live in?

Selected Ways Citizens Influence Government

- Participating in Public Protests

- Voting for Candidates for Office

- Circulating and Signing Petitions

- Writing to Elected Leaders

• Dictatorship

• Feudal monarchy

• Absolute monarchy

• Representative democracy

"We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America." -Preamble to the United States Constitution

In this passage, the authors are stating that

• Both men and women should have equal voting rights

• State governments created the United States government

• Sovereignty belongs to the people of the nation

• People obtain their rights from their monarch

Which quotation from the United States Constitution provides for a federal system of government?

• "He shall have power... with the advice and consent of the Senate, ... and... shall appoint..."

• "Every bill... shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States..."

• "The powers not delegated to the United States... are reserved to the states..."

• "Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state."

The Declaration of Independence states, "That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it." These words describe the enlightened idea of

• Need to ensure a representative government

• Return to a society that has no central authority

• Social contract between government and the people

• Revolutionary intent to overthrow the current government

The passage below is from Federalist 51, written by James Madison in 1788.

"... the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places."

Which constitutional principle does Madison describe in the passage?

• Popular sovereignty

• Judicial review

• Checks and balances

• Separation of powers