QCE Biology Revision 2

A purpose of using gel electrophoresis is to

• compare DNA banding patterns.

• eliminate undesirable traits in genes.

• control gene expression in organisms.

• generate copies of single-stranded DNA.

The figure shows an energy diagram for a freshwater lake ecosystem. The percentage of energy transferred to herbivores is

• 86.5%

• 20.0%

• 13.6%

• 0.01%

Two organisms live in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both.

Which of the following is the correct species interaction to describe this relationship?

• competition

• symbiosis

• predation

• disease

The figure shows the range of phenotypes in a population before and after natural selection. Which type of phenotypic selection is shown in the figure?

• adaptive

• disruptive

• stabilising

• directional

The black-browed albatross is a wide-ranging, large seabird that forages far offshore and returns to

communal breeding sites.

Which limiting factor is likely to have the greatest negative impact on the carrying capacity of this species?

• food supply

• mate availability

• natural predation

• presence of parasites

An ecological niche is defined as the role and space that an organism fills in an ecosystem, including all its

interactions with the

• biotic and abiotic factors of its environment.

• available resources and services of its environment.

• other species in its environment that it outcompetes.

• individuals immigrating and emigrating in its environment.

Refer to the following table, which shows the number of differences in the amino acid sequence of the protein albumin in four species of primate. Which two species are likely to have separated most recently in evolutionary time?

• Gibbon and gorilla.

• Gorilla and monkey.

• Monkey and human being.

• Human being and gorilla.

Refer to the following diagram, which shows the fertility of the offspring produced when three populations of frogs, A, B, and C, interbreed: Which one of the following statements about populations A, B, and C is consistent with the information in the diagram above?

• A, B, and C are three different species.

• A and B are different species, but B and C are the same species.

• B and C are different species, but A and B are the same species.

• A and C are the same species, but A and B are different species.

The amount of energy available for herbivores in an ecosystem is referred to as

• biomass

• gross primary production

• net primary production

• photosynthetic efficiency

The main purpose of gene expression is to

• transcribe a gene

• produce hormones

• maintain homeostasis

• synthesise a functional gene product