MWH Unit 2

Which of the following best describes the social impact of Spanish colonization in Latin America?

• rising inflation due to the increase of gold

• the increase in size of the Spanish navy

• competition between Spain and Portugal

• the creation of the mestizo class

The Native American population of Mexico in 1492 has been estimated at 25 million, yet the Native population in 1608 has been estimated at 1.7 million. Which of the following historical evidence best explains this?

• crop failures brought on by poor weather conditions led to starvation

• there was a mass emigration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa

• there was an increase in wars between various native groups as tribes allied with different European powers

• diseases introduced by the Spanish and Portuguese killed indigenous peoples due to their lack of immunity

Which of the following changes best justifies the claim that the late 1400s mark the beginning of a shift in the global economy?

• the rise of the Aztec and Inca empires

• the economic recovery in Afro-Eurasia after the Black Death

• the incorporation of the Americas into a global network of exchange

• the emergence of new religious movements in various parts of the world

Why did relations between the French colonists and the natives tend to be less hostile than the relations between the English colonists and the natives?

• the French were focused on establishing large settlements while the English were not

• the English engaged in land conflicts while the French focused on the fur trade

• the Dutch allied with the English against the natives instead of the French

• the English focus was on spreading Catholicism while the French focused on trade

Under mercantilism, how did the colonial power maintain a favorable balance of trade?

• import more goods than were exported

• export more goods than were imported

• decrease the number of colonial holdings in its possession

• decrease the raw materials imported from the colony

What type of work was performed by the vast majority of slaves in the Spanish colonies in the Americas?

• were employed in the mines of Central and South America

• became domestic servants

• were trained for simple, bureaucratic work

• provided agricultural labor

In the period 1450–1750, which of the following produced by slave labor were significant trade items in the growing world market?

• grains such as wheat and barley

• tropical fruits such as bananas and oranges

• animal products such as wool and beef

• cash crops such as sugar and tobacco

How did slavery in African and Muslim societies differ from slavery in the Americas?

• people in African and Muslim societies could not escape their slavery

• slavery in the Americas was based on race and heredity

• enslaved people in African and Muslim societies could not rise socially

• the slavery in African and Muslim societies was based primarily on race

During Ottoman rule, how did Islam spread to encompass Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa?

• expansion of Ottoman territory and trade

• superior military might and skill

• missionaries and cultural diffusion

• the reading of the Quran and education

In the late 1400’s and early 1500’s, what was the primary motivation for European exploration?

• to improve navigation skills

• to find new trade routes to Asia

• to establish foreign colonies

• to find new sources of tin and wool