GCSE CS Data Key Terms 1-10

describes a numbering scheme in that there are only two possible values for each digit: 0 and 1. The term in computing refers to any digital encoding system in that there are exactly two possible states – e.g., in memory, storage, processing and communications, the 0 and 1 values are sometimes called “low” and “high” respectively

• Base-2 binary

• Binary pattern

• Two’s complement signed integers

• Base-10 denary

“A sequence of 1s and 0s.”

• Base-2 binary

• Binary pattern

• Two’s complement signed integers

• Base-10 denary

A positive whole number – includes 0

• Base-2 binary

• Binary pattern

• Two’s complement signed integers

• Unsigned integers

A computing method of storing and representing floating-point real numbers (both positive and negative) as a string of pure binary digits. Uses the concepts of two’s complements, mantissa and exponent

• Base-2 binary

• Binary pattern

• Two’s complement signed integers

• Unsigned integers

A numerical system of notation that uses 10 as its base. The 10 denary base digits are 0-9

• Base-10 denary

• Binary shift

• Overflow

• Base-16 hexadecimal

Allows you to multiply and divide base-2 binary numbers easily. A left shift multiplies by 2, and a right shift divides by 2

• Base-10 denary

• Binary shift

• Overflow

• Base-16 hexadecimal

When the result of a binary addition can not be stored in the available number of bits provided

• Base-10 denary

• Binary shift

• Overflow

• Base-16 hexadecimal

A numerical system of notation that uses 16 rather than 10 as its base. The 16 hex base digits are 0-9 and the letters A-F

• Base-10 denary

• Binary shift

• Overflow

• Base-16 hexadecimal

America Standard Code for Information Interchange: A character set devised for early telecommunication systems but proved to be ideal for computer systems. ASCII codes use 7 bits, giving 32 control codes and 96 displayable characters – the eighth bit is often used for error checking

• 7-bit ASCII

• Bitmap

• Pixel

• Resolution

An image format where the picture is made up of discrete, individual pixels

• 7-bit ASCII

• Bitmap

• Pixel

• Resolution