BILINGUALISM

About Bilingualism there is an incorrect sentence:

• Defining exactly who is or is not bilingual is essentially elusive and ultimately impossible.

• At an individual level, there

  isn´t a distinction between a person’s ability in two languages and their use of those languages.

• Balanced bilinguals with equal and strong competence in their two languages are rare.

___ occurs when we have two varieties/dialectics of the same language in a community they’re called:  low variety and high variety.  

• DIGLOSSIA

• TRANSGLOSSIA

• MONOGLOSSIA

De acordo com Ofelia Garcia:

“This stable, and yet dynamic communicative network, with many languages in functional interrelationship might be better called "______".

• DIGLOSSIA

• TRANSGLOSSIA

• MONOGLOSSIA

About the social status of a language...

• Where a minority language is seen to co-exist with unemployment, financial poverty, social deprivation and few amenities, the social status of the language may be negatively affected.

• The absence or presence of a minority language in the mass media (television, radio, newspapers, magazines, internet and computer software) at the very least affects the prestige of a language

• It´s prestige value won´t be closely related to the economic status of a language and will also be a powerful factor in language revitalization.

About concept of Lingua Franca:

• English is the only Lingua Franca in the world.

• Its called English as Second language too and its concept is about an instrumental language uses in academic context.

• It is a contact language use in contexts that diferente group of people with different languages choose one language capable to understand and communicate each other

About recursive and dynamic bilingualism, according to Ofelia Garcia, it is correct to affirm that:

• Recursive bilingualism does not operate in a monoglossic perspective and occurs in communities where individuals lost contact with official institutions, like schools.

• Recursive bilingualism is used by a reduced numbers of individuals, the most used skills are reading and speaking (oral communication), the other two skills (writing and i) are rarely used.

• Dynamic bilingualism occurs in plurilingual individuals.

• All above

English as a Global Language determines:

• The non natives speakers must speak exactly native speakers

• The non native speakers use translanguaging in bilingual contexts and they mustn’t speak like native speakers.

• The native speakers are the best teachers in bilingual contexts

Considere L1 a primeira língua aprendida por um falante e L2 uma língua adicional e observe as seguintes situações:

I. L1 + L2 = L1+L2

II. L1 + L2 - L1 = L2

i. I é chamado bilinguismo de adição, é visto de uma perspectiva monoglossica, pois espera que o falante opera igualmente e com a mesma proficiência em ambas as línguas.

ii. II é chamado de bilinguismo de subtração e opera em uma perspectiva monoglossica porque tem como objetivo a saída da primeira língua para privilegiar o uso da segunda.

• i está correto.

• ii está correto.

• I e ii estão corretos.