Macromolecules- Carbohydrates and Lipids

What is so special about carbon?

• It is organic

• It has four valence electrons

• It can make single and double bonds

• It creates rings

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Carbon atoms have four valence electrons, allowing them to

• form strong covalent bonds with many other elements and form compounds that living organisms depend on

• form weak hydrogen bonds that can easily be broken down, like in DNA

• form four molecules

• form four macromolecules important to life

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One carbon atom can bond to another

• to form chains

• and form into rings

• to form single, double and triple bonds

• All the options make carbon important

Large organic molecules found in living things; means “giant molecules”

• Micromolecules

• polysaccharides

• macromolecules

• carbohydrates

○Produced by a process known as _________________--- larger compounds are built by joining smaller ones together

• Hydration

• Dehydration

• Polymerization

• Synthesis

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Monomers (smaller units) are joined together to form

• Polymers

• Micromolecules

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

Macromolecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, usually in a 1:2:1 ratio

• Monosaccharides

• Polysaccharides

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

Sugar, starch, cellulose are examples of

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acids

Organisms use carbohydrates to store and release energy, as well as for structural support and protection.

• store and release energy

• structural support

• protection

• all of the options make carbohydrates important

Single sugar molecules are also known

• monosaccharides

• disaccharides

• polysaccharides

• polymers