Microbiology - Hypersensitivity

If an Rh+ woman has an Rh- male partner, there is a risk of hemolytic disease in the newborn if she becomes pregnant.

• True

• False

The detrimental effects of Lupus erythematosis are initiated by

• immune complexes lodging in capillaries

• activated T cells attacking myelin

• lack of activated CD4+ cells

• macrophages with defective killing mechanisms

What is the proper term applied to an organ transplant where the donated tissue came from a different species?

• autograft

• isograft

• xenograft

• allograft

In which type of hypersensitivity reaction would an incompatible blood transfusion reaction fall?

• Type I

• Type II

• Type III

• Type IV

When is hemolytic disease of the newborn a real risk?

• If the mom in Rh+ and the fetus is Rh-

• If the mom is Rh- and the fetus is Rh+

• In a second pregnancy with an Rh- mom and an Rh+ fetus

• In a second pregnancy with an Rh+ mom and an Rh- fetus

A 60-year-old woman is given the seasonal influenza vaccine, which contains inactivated (killed) virus. What type of immune response can she expect from this vaccine?

• A strong T-cell response

• Activation of B cells to produce antibodies

• A lifelong immune response without boosters

• An immediate mild infection

A 25-year-old man is diagnosed with a severe case of rabies after being bitten by a bat. Because rabies progresses rapidly and can be fatal, he is given a dose of rabies immune globulin (antibodies). What type of immunity does this provide?

• Active immunity

• Passive immunity

• Herd immunity

• Natural immunity

A 5-year-old child is rushed to the emergency room with difficulty breathing and widespread hives after eating peanuts. This is diagnosed as a Type I hypersensitivity reaction. What treatment is most appropriate to prevent suffocation in this child?

• Antihistamines

• Epinephrine

• Corticosteroids

• Antibiotics

A patient who has recently received a blood transfusion begins to develop fever, chills, and hemoglobinuria. Further investigation reveals the patient was transfused with an incompatible blood type. This reaction is an example of:

• Type I hypersensitivity

• Type II hypersensitivity

• Type III hypersensitivity

• Type IV hypersensitivity

A 19-year-old female presents with multiple sclerosis, characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath around neurons. Her immune system (cytotoxic T cell) is attacking her cells. What type of hypersensitivity is involved?

• Type I

• Type II

• Type III

• Type IV