Biomolecules & Enzymes Exam Review

11. People with albinism do not produce the melanin protein. Melanin allows for people to be protected from the sun and thus people with albinism are prone to severe sunburns. Which biomolecule would you infer is responsible for albinism?

• Carbohydrate

• Protein

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

Answer explanation

Remember that it is the Nucleic Acid (DNA & RNA) that provide the genetic 'instructions' to build Proteins!

Each molecules serves a different purpose, but all are made from glucose. This means that

• different structures serve the same functions

• different structures serve different functions

• same structures serve different functions

• same structures serve same functions

Answer explanation

The shape (structure) of a molecule is specific for its function. Two different molecules do not serve the same function.

Tags

biomolecule

carboydrate

structure

function

Functions of Nucleic Acid are to

• store and carry genetic information

• direct protein synthesis

• build cell membranes

• serve as an energy source

Answer explanation

Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) contain genetic information and they direct the synthesis of Proteins.

Tags

Nucleic Acid

DNA

RNA

Biomolecule

Genetics

Runners load up on complex carbohydrates before a race because

• it serves as a long-term source of energy

• it serves as a main source of energy

• to provide enough quick energy for the race

• its quickly converted into fat

Answer explanation

Carbohydrates are needed to provide enough quick energy to complete the race

Tags

Carbohydrates

Energy

Marathon

Biomolecule

Will the enzyme convert this substrate into a product?

• Yes

• No

Answer explanation

No, the shape of the active site has changed. The substrate cannot bind to the enzyme.

Tags

enzyme

inhibitor

substrate

Are #'s 3 and 5 the same thing?

• Yes

• No

Answer explanation

#3 is a substrate and #5 is a product. Substrates are chemically changed to create products.

Tags

enzyme

substrate

product

How do enzymes facilitate chemical reactions?

• speeds them up

• lowers the activation energy

• inhibits production of substrates

• increases the amount of energy required

Answer explanation

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy.

Tags

enzyme

catalyst

What happens to the enzyme is the pH continues to increase?

• rate of reactions will decrease

• the enzyme will denature

• rate of reactions will stay the same

• rate of reactions will increase

Answer explanation

As the pH increases, the rate of reaction will decrease and the enzyme will eventually denature and lose function.

Tags

enzyme

denature

Match the following function to its macromolecule

• enzymes

• Carbohydrates

• genetic information

• Protein

• long term energy

• Nucleic Acid

• rapid energy

• Lipids

Answer explanation

Listed in the image are some of the functions.

Please review your notes for all of the functions we covered in class.

Match the following groups of elements to their biomolecule

• C, H, O, N

• Lipids

• C, H, O

  1:2:1

• Nucleic Acids

• C, H, O, N, P

• Carbohydrates

• C, H, O

  very little O

• Proteins

Answer explanation