Matching Information!

The first ever expedition to reach the geographic Southern Pole was led by the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. He and four others arrived at the pole on 14 December 1911, five weeks ahead of a British party led by Robert Falcon Scott as part of the Terra Nova Expedition. Amundsen and his team returned safely to their base, and later heard that Scott and his four companions had died on their return journey. <Match the paragraph>

• The success of Road Amundsen was celebrated worldwide, expect in one country.

• Amundsen only heard about the death of Scott after he had reached the South Pole.

• The British did not celebrate Amundsen's success as did other countries due to the death of Scott.

• The base at the South Pole bears both Amundsen's name and Scott's.

Tags

CCSS.RI.2.2

CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RL.2.2

CCSS.RL.4.2

CCSS.RL.6.2

Amundsen's initial plans had focused on the Arctic and the conquest of the North Pole by means of an extended drift in an icebound ship. He obtained the use of Fridtjof Nansen's polar exploration ship Fram, and undertook extensive fundraising. Preparations for this expedition were disrupted when, in 1909, the rival American explorers Frederick Cook and Robert Peary each claimed to have reached the North Pole. Amundsen then changed his plan and began to prepare for a conquest of the South Pole; uncertain of the extent to which the public and his backers would support him, he kept this revised objective secret. When he set out in June 1910, he led even his crew to believe they were embarking on an Arctic drift, and revealed their true Antarctic destination only when Fram was leaving their last port of call, Madeira.

• The success of Road Amundsen was celebrated worldwide, expect in one country

• The British did not celebrate Amundsen's success as did other countries due to the death of Scott.

• Amundsen had originally planned an expedition to North Pole.

• The base at South Pole bears both Amundsen's name and Scott's.

Tags

CCSS.RI.2.2

CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.4.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

The expedition's success was widely applauded. The story of Scott's heroic failure overshadowed its achievement in the United Kingdom, unable to accept that a Norwegian had been the first person to set foot in the South Pole, but not in the rest of the world. Amundsen's decision to keep his true plans secret until the last moment was criticized by some. Recent polar historians have more fully recognized the skill and courage of Amundsen's party; the permanent scientific base at the pole bears his name, together with that of Scott.

• Amundsen only heard about the death of Scott after he had reached the South Pole.

• When Amundsen decided to aim for the South Pole he did not reveal his intentions.

• The British did not celebrate Amundsen's success as did other countries due to the death of Scott.

• Amundsen initial plan was an expedition to North Pole.

Tags

CCSS.RI.2.2

CCSS.RI.4.2

CCSS.RL.2.2

CCSS.RL.4.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

There are now over 700 million motor vehicles in the world - and the number is rising by more than 40 million each year. The average distance driven by car users is growing too - from 8km a day per person in western Europe in 1965 to 25 km a day in 1995. This dependence on motor vehicles has given rise to major problems, including environmental pollution, depletion of oil resources, traffic congestion and safety.

• A comparison of past and present transportation methods.

• The relative merits of cars and public transport.

• The increasing use of motor vehicles.

• The impact of the car on city development.

Tags

CCSS.RI.2.2

CCSS.RI.4.2

CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

Until a hundred years ago, most journeys were in the 20km range, the distance conveniently accessible by horse. Heavy freight could only be carried by water or rail. Invention of the motor vehicle brought personal mobility to the masses and made rapid freight delivery possible over a much wider area. In the United Kingdom, about 90 per cent of inland freight is carried by road. The world cannot revert to the horse-drawn wagon. Can it avoid being locked into congested and polluting ways of transporting people and goods?

• A comparison of past and present transportation methods.

• The writer’s prediction on future solutions.

• The impact of the car on city development.

• The relative merits of cars and public transport.

Tags

CCSS.RI.2.5

CCSS.RI.3.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

In Europe most cities are still designed for the old modes of transport. Adaptation to the motor car has involved adding ring roads, one-way systems and parking lots. In the United States, more land is assigned to car use than to housing. Urban sprawl means that life without a car is next to impossible. Mass use of motor vehicles has also killed or injured millions of people. Other social effects have been blamed on the car such as alienation and aggressive human behaviour.

• The impact of the car on city development.

• How driving habits contribute to road problems.

• The writer’s prediction on future solutions.

• A comparison of past and present transportation methods.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

A 1993 study by the European Federation for Transport and Environment found that car transport is seven times as costly as rail travel in terms of the external social costs it entails - congestion, accidents, pollution, loss of cropland and natural habitats, depletion of oil resources, and so on. Yet cars easily surpass trains or buses as a flexible and convenient mode of personal transport. It is unrealistic to expect people to give up private cars in favour of mass transit.

• The relative merits of cars and public transport.

• How driving habits contribute to road problems.

• The writer’s prediction on future solutions.

• A comparison of past and present transportation methods.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.2.5

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Technical solutions can reduce the pollution problem and increase the fuelled efficiency of engines. But fuel consumption and exhaust emissions depend on which cars are preferred by customers and how they are driven. Many people buy larger cars than they need for daily purposes or waste fuel by driving aggressively. Besides, global car use is increasing at a faster rate than the improvement in emissions and fuel efficiency which technology is now making possible.

• The impact of the car on city development.

• How driving habits contribute to road problems.

• The writer’s prediction on future solutions.

• A comparison of past and present transportation methods.

Tags

CCSS.RI.5.2

CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

A more likely scenario seems to be a combination of mass transit systems for travel into and around cities, with small ‘low emission’ cars for urban use and larger hybrid or lean burn cars for use elsewhere. Electronically tolled highways might be used to ensure that drivers pay charges geared to actual road use. Better integration of transport systems is also highly desirable - and made more feasible by modern computers. But these are solutions for countries which can afford them. In most developing countries, old cars and old technologies continue to predominate.

• The writer’s prediction on future solutions.

• The impact of the car on city development.

• The relative merits of cars and public transport.

• A comparison of past and present transportation methods.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.3.5

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Match the picture with one in four words given below.

• An allotment.

• A village green.

• Bunting.

• Suburb.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5