USHI Unit 7 Vocab

movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens

• Civil Rights Movement

• Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Black Panthers

Supreme Court decision that overturned the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision (1896); led by Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Court ruled that "separate but equal" schools for blacks were inherently unequal and thus unconstitutional.

• Civil Rights Movement

• Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Black Panthers

A black political organization that was against peaceful protest and for violence if needed. The organization marked a shift in policy of the black movement, favoring militant ideals rather than peaceful protest.

• Civil Rights Movement

• Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Black Panthers

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

• NAACP

• SNCC

• Martin Luther King Jr.

• Malcolm X

(Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee)-a group established in 1960 to promote and use nonviolent means to protest racial discrimination; they were the ones primarily responsible for creating the sit-in movement

• NAACP

• SNCC

• Martin Luther King Jr.

• Malcolm X

U.S. Baptist minister and civil rights leader. A noted orator, he opposed discrimination against blacks by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. Nobel Peace Prize (1964)

• NAACP

• SNCC

• Martin Luther King Jr.

• Malcolm X

renamed himself X to signify the loss of his African heritage; converted to Nation of Islam in jail in the 50s, became Black Muslims' most dynamic street orator and recruiter; his beliefs were the basis of a lot of the Black Power movement built on separationist and nationalist impulses to achieve true independence and equality

• NAACP

• SNCC

• Martin Luther King Jr.

• Malcolm X

President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education.

• Great Society

• Civil Disobedience

• Sit-ins

• Warren Court

A form of political participation that reflects a conscious decision to break a law believed to be immoral and to suffer the consequences.

• Great Society

• Civil Disobedience

• Sit-ins

• Warren Court

protests by black college students, 1960-1961, who took seats at "whites only" lunch counters and refused to leave until served; in 1960 over 50,000 participated in sit-ins across the South

• Great Society

• Civil Disobedience

• Sit-ins

• Warren Court