Unit 1 Global History & Geography Regents Academic Vocabulary

Intellectual movement of the 1600 & 1700's, emphasizing reason and individualism rather than long held tradition (people were awakening and questioning traditional power)

• Absolutism

• Isolationism

• The Enlightenment

• The Reformation

Enlightenment thinker – stated that government exists to protect your natural rights (life, liberty, property) and if govt does not protect these, you can/should revolt

• Baron De Montesquieu

• Thomas Jefferson

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbs

Enlightenment thinker who stated that power in government should be separated into three branches: executive, legislative, judicial.

• Baron De Montesquieu

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Thomas Hobbs

French Society was traditionally divided into 3 Estates.The First Estate was the church, the Second Estate was the nobility, and the Third Estate was the middle class, and peasants.

• Feudalism

• Westernization

• Edict of 1635

• Estates/ Estates System

The violent overthrow or alteration of an existing government by a small group.

• Estate System

• Reign of Terror

• Coup D’Etat

• Democratic Elections

A period of the French Revolution from 1789-1794 during which many people were accused and executed by Robspierre as being “against the government”

• Estates/ Estates System

• Reign of Terror

• Coup D’Etat

• Storming of the Bastille

Came to power after leading a coup d’etat against the “Directory” declared himself Emperor for life, but helped bring stability to France. His losses in Russia proved disastrous for France and was eventually exiled.

• Peter the Great

• Louis XVI

• Napoleon Bonaparte

• Maximilian Robespierre

Series of laws reforming France, written by Napoleon in 1804. They addressed issues such as education, the tax system, legal codes, and a national bank.

• The Edict of 1635

• The Reformation

• Napoleonic Code

• Feudalism

Held in Vienna (Austria) Nov. 1814 – June 1815; European leaders met to reclaim lands lost to Napoleon and to agree to a system that would not let another strong leader rise.

• Treaty of Paris

• Treaty of Ghent

• Edict of 1635

• Congress of Vienna

Theory in international relations suggests that national security is enhanced when military strength & capability is distributed so that no one empire/country is strong enough to dominate all other.

• Reformation

• Balance of Power

• Renaissance

• Coup D’Etat