AP Psych Test 5 Review

The most crucial ingredient in all learning is

• shaping.

• modeling

• experience.

• intrinsic motivation

• maturation

Learning that certain events occur together is called

• shaping

• latent learning.

• observational learning.

• Associative Learning

• conditioned reinforcement

Pets who learn that the sound of an electric can opener signals the arrival of their food illustrate

• shaping

• extrinsic motivation

• classical conditioning

• observational learning.

John B. Watson considered himself to be a(n)

• physiological psychologist.

• cognitive psychologist.

• behaviorist.

• psychoanalyst.

Last year, Dr. Moritano cleaned Natacha's skin with rubbing alcohol prior to administering each of a series of painful rabies vaccination shots. Which of the following processes accounts for the fact that Natacha currently becomes fearful every time she smells rubbing alcohol?

• negative reinforcement

• classical conditioning

• latent learning

• operant conditioning

Associating a conditioned stimulus with a new neutral stimulus can create a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. This best illustrates

• shaping

• spontaneous recovery.

• intermittent reinforcement.

• higher-order conditioning.

• extinction

To teach an animal to perform a complex sequence of behaviors, animal trainers are most likely to use a procedure known as

• classical conditioning.

• delayed reinforcement.

• latent learning.

• generalization

• shaping

A pigeon is consistently reinforced with food for pecking a key after seeing an image of a human face, but not reinforced for pecking after seeing other images. By signaling that a pecking response will be reinforced, the image of a human face is a(n)

• unconditioned stimulus.

• partial reinforcement.

• discriminative stimulus.

• primary reinforcer.

Which of the following is true of positive and negative reinforcers?

• Positive reinforcers decrease the rate of operant responding; negative reinforcers increase the rate of operant responding.

• Positive reinforcers increase the rate of operant responding; negative reinforcers decrease the rate of operant responding.

• Positive reinforcers increase the rate of operant responding; negative reinforcers increase the rate of operant responding.

• Positive reinforcers have no effect on the rate of operant responding; negative reinforcers decrease the rate of operant responding

Which of the following is the best example of a conditioned reinforcer?

• applause for an excellent piano recital

• a spanking for eating cookies before dinner

• a cold root beer for mowing the lawn on a hot day

• termination of shock after removing one's finger from a live electric wire