Evolution Quiz Review

The picture shows the similarities in the limb structures of four organisms.

How do the similarities support the theory of evolution?

• They are evidence that the organisms share a common ancestor. 

• They are evidence that the organisms perform the same functions. 

• They are evidence that the organisms live in the same environment. 

• They are evidence that the organisms have identical genetic information.

According to modern evolutionary theory, what trend has been seen in brain size from early ancestors to modern man?

• Brain sizes have increased in some fossils and have decreased in others. 

• Brain sizes have remained approximately the same across all fossils studied.

• Brain sizes decreased from early ancestors (largest) to modern man (smallest).

• Brain sizes increased from early ancestors (smallest) to modern man (largest).

You look at two species and see very similar DNA. What does this likely tell you?

• These are the same animal.
• These animals have a common ancestor.
• These animals are not likely related.
• These animals are likely becoming one species.

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Horse breeding for specific desired traits is an example of which type of evolutionary evidence?

• Artificial selection
• Embryology
• Fossils
• Biochemical molecules

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An inherited characteristic that increases an organisms ability to survive and reproduce in its specific environment is called a(n)

• vestigial structure
• speciation
• analogous structure
• adaptation

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Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?

• individual
• population
• species
• fossil

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When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called what?

• Selective breeding

• Natural Selection

• Cloning

• Evolution of all species

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Suppose an organism has been gradually evolving over millions of years (as seen in the image), but when the fossil record is examined, these gradual changes are not apparent. How can this be explained according to evolutionary thought?

• Humans ate all of the organisms for food, so there are only a limited number of fossils available to study. 

• The transitional forms of the organism have not been preserved as fossils. 

• Since the fossils in question have been preserved in different layers, the fossils are not related. 

• A sudden disease killed all the ancestors, so there are no current species.

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Which two species are most closely related?

• H and B

• F and J

• F and H

• B and C

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Scientists studying molecular biology have identified just 20 different amino acids that are encoded in DNA. All living organisms use both amino acids and DNA. What does this suggest? 

• That all life has a common origin

• That some amino acids have not been discovered yet

• That DNA creates amino acids

• That amino acids are created by humans

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