Biology EOC - Practice Exam

A dichotomous key of different mollusks is shown. Which mollusk moves by jet propulsion and does not have an external shell?

• Squid

• Slug

• Nautilus

• Snail

Which statement best describes how a virus replicates?

• A virus divides into two identical virus particles before infecting the host cell.

• A virus enters a host cell and uses the materials from the host cell

  to produce new virus particles.

• Multiple virus particles fuse and form a large particle that breaks

  apart, releasing new virus particles.

• Multiple virus particles break down in component parts, which then

  reassemble into new copies of the virus.

Oil spills in the ocean affect marine food webs. Animals that are

initially affected by oil spills include sea otters, seabirds, and other

organisms that spend most of their time on the ocean surface.

Based on the food web, how would a significant decrease in the sea

otter population due to an oil spill most likely affect this ecosystem?

• The sea urchin population would increase causing the kelp population to decrease

• The fish population would increase in response to the changes in the mussel population

• The mussel population would increase in response to the changes in the algae population

• The killer whale population would increase causing the fish population to decrease.

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Which of these shows an example of an insertion mutation?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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In a Central Texas grassland, the producers incorporate 12,000 kJ of energy from the sun into their tissues. About how much energy would be incorporated into the tissues of herbivores?

• 12,000 kJ

• 1,200 kJ

• 10,800 kJ

• 1,080 kJ

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White clovers, Trifolium repens, are plants that are native to Europe and Central Asia and are able to produce the poison cyanide within their cells. Skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus, is a plant that is native to eastern North America and can produce a chemical that makes it have a strong, foul odor and bitter taste.

The chemicals produced by both the white clovers and skunk cabbages are adaptations that allow them to —

• attract more pollinators

• survive a long-term drought

• protect against herbivores

• grow better in colder habitats

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A model of the genetic control of coat color in rabbits is shown.

Which Punnett square represents a cross that would produce albino offspring?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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When a stem cell divides, it produces two daughter cells. One daughter cell will remain a stem cell, while the other daughter cell will differentiate into a specialized cell. Which factor will most directly determine what type of specialized cell will be produced?

• The size of the cell

• The length of the cell cycle

• The number of chromosomes that are replicated

• The genes that are expressed

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Blue flying fish live in the upper layers of the ocean. Blue flying fish have enlarged pectoral fins that enable them to glide for 400 meters above the ocean surface and appear to fly. Which statement best describes how natural selection led to enlarged pectoral fins in blue flying fish?

• Fish were able to glide out of the ocean and into other bodies of water to mate with other species

• Fish were able to live both on land and in the water as a result of their larger pectoral fins.

• Fish with enlarged pectoral fins were able to glide out of the ocean to escape predators, increasing their fitness.

• Fish changed their DNA to express enlarged pectoral fins, changing the allele frequency of the population.

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Scientists determined the total mass of DNA from a sample of animal cells. The masses of equal numbers of cells were taken during three different stages of the cell cycle. Stage I contains cells massed during G1 of the cell cycle.

Which statement best describes the cells during Stage II?

• The cells have replicated their DNA, but have not completed mitosis and cytokinesis.

• The cells have completed mitosis and cytokinesis without replicating their DNA

• The cells have replicated their DNA and completed mitosis and cytokinesis

• The cells have temporarily exited the cell cycle without replicating their DNA.

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