Native Americans of the Pacific Coast

Which statement about the Tlingit and Navajo peoples is the most accurate?

• Nearby forests supplied them with wood to carve.

• They both lived in the same part of North America.

• They both traditionally obtained food in the same way

• Many words in their native tongues are probably related.

Which evidence from the text best supports the correct response to the previous question?

• "Ancestors of the Navajo and Apache people may have reached the Pacific Northwest about 5000 B.C.”

• “The Tlingit people belong to the same language family as the Navajo and Apache—meaning the groups share a common ancestor—but their surroundings have caused them to develop a very different way of life.”

• “The ocean supplies seafood and plants for the groups of Native Americans living in the Pacific Northwest.”

• “Pacific Northwest groups such as the Tlingit carved totem poles as a way of chronicling their family histories.”

Why were acorns traditionally so important to the Miwok people?

• They were used to plant new forests.

• They were used to make basic foods.

• They were used in children's activities.

• They were used as bait for otters and beavers.

The acorn was a staple food for the Miwok. What is the main staple food for the people in the south of China?

• noodles

• rice

• potatoes

• bread

How would you describe the surroundings the Pomo and Miwok lived in?

• Lush forests with plentiful natural resources available in their region.

• Arid hot desert with barely any plants or animals living there.

• Rugged forests and marshland als known as the taiga.

• A treeless zone of rocky soil and low-growing shrubs, called the tundra, that is covered in ice and snow.

“Southern California’s deserts do not have this same wealth of resources. There, groups such as the Cahuilla, the Serrano, and the Chemehuevi adapted to use the few plants that grow in the desert. The Cahuilla also developed irrigation systems to raise crops including corn, squash, beans, and melons. By digging ditches to feed into small lakes, the Cahuilla made use of the limited precipitation to sustain a vibrant culture.”

How did Southern California peoples like the Cahuilla traditionally obtain most of their food?

• from farming and fishing

• from hunting and fishing

• from gathering plants and hunting

• from gathering plants and farming

Why are the Miwok not known for building irrigation systems like the Cahuilla?

• Because the Miwok don't exist anymore.

• Because of their surroundings the Miwok didn't need to make irrigation systems.

• Because the Europeans settlers destroyed them.

• Because they would steal water from the Cahuilla.

Which statement best describes the way in which Pacific Northwest peoples traditionally treated the forests of the area?

• They used the trees to make spiritual objects but not practical items.

• They mostly ignored the forests and instead found their food in the ocean.

• They cut down so many trees that they could no longer support their way of life.

• They used only as many trees as necessary so that the forests were not destroyed.

Which city in the Northwest was named after a famous Suquamish and Duwamish Chief.

• Portland

• San Francisco

• Seattle

• Vancouver

“Tlingit and Chinook families often mark major life events, such as a wedding or a change of leader, with a ceremony known as a potlatch. At a potlatch, guests of the family receive gifts and enjoy feasting and music. The host is responsible for gift giving and sometimes can offer more than a hundred presents at a single potlatch. The host receives respect and standing among the community as a result of his or her generosity. Pacific Northwest peoples still hold potlatches today, and they are an important source of cultural identity for many people who live in the region.”

What is the best definition of the term potlatch?

• a guest who gives or receives a present at a Tlingit ceremony

• a ritual in which a community gives presents to its new leader

• an enclosed cooking vessel given as a gift at a wedding ceremony

• a ritual in which the host gives away possessions as gifts to the guests