Data Analysis

Frogs are amphibians. Like all amphibians, frogs are cold-blooded, meaning that their body temperatures change with the temperature of their surroundings. When temperatures drop, some frogs dig burrows in the mud at the bottom of ponds. They hibernate in these burrows until spring, perfectly still and barely breathing. Frogs can be found just about anywhere there's fresh water, on all continents except Antarctica. Though they thrive in warm, moist tropical climates, frogs also live in deserts and high on 15,000 foot mountain slopes. The Australian water-holding frog is a desert dweller that can wait for seven years for rain. It burrows underground and surrounds itself in a transparent cocoon made of its own skin. Frogs' skin is critical to their survival. Through it, they drink and breathe. Frogs don't swallow water; they get the moisture they need through their skin. And although frogs have lungs, they rely on the oxygen they absorb through their skin, especially when they're underwater. Frogs must keep their skin moist. Otherwise, oxygen does not easily pass through it and the frog suffocates. Even though frog skin secretes a mucus that helps keep it moist, their skin tends to dry out easily, which is why they usually stay near bodies of water.

Consider the bar graph comparing the number of frogs in four different habitats. Based on the information above about frogs, what is the MOST LIKELY factor limiting the frog population?

• Competition

• Food

• Space

• Water

A scientist performs an experiment to see if acids have an effect on the health of a particular type of plant. Three sets of plants were treated with acidic solutions of known pH while the control set was treated with a solution of neutral pH  Which is the best conclusion for this experiment?

• Acid has no effect on the health of this type of plant

• High acidity is helpful to this type of plant.

• Low acidity is harmful to this type of plant.

• High acidity is harmful to this type of plant.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?

• The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.

• The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8

• The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0

• The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0

What conclusions can you draw in regards to the amount of light a plant was exposed to and how tall the plant grew?

• 4 hours of light exposure resulted in greatest height growth increase

• 8 hours of light exposure resulted in greatest height growth increase

• 16 hours of light exposure resulted in greatest height growth increase

• 16 hours of light exposure in conjunction with 1 cup of water resulted in greatest height growth increase

Examine the graph.

Which statement can best be concluded from these data?

• The respiration rate in both species is independent of both temperature and oxygen consumption.

• The respiration rate of midge larvae increases more rapidly than the rate for seabird ticks at all temperatures

• As the temperature increases, there is an inverse relationship between oxygen consumption and the respiration rate in both species.

• As the temperature increases, the respiration rate in both species increases, with the rate for midge larvae being higher than that for seabird ticks at all temperatures.

A landscaper researched five grass types recommended for use in South Carolina lawns.

The landscaper decides to select a grass type that does not require much fertilizer, does not need constant watering, and grows best in direct sunlight. Which grass type best fits the criteria?

• perennial ryegrass

• Bermuda grass

• buffalo grass

• zoysia grass

Examine the data table.

Select the statement that supports the data and explains the movement of molecules across the cell membranes.

• As the NaCl moved into the potato cells, the potato increased in mass.

• The potatoes in the 0.025 g/mL solution increased in mass as water molecules moved into the potato cells.

• As the NaCl concentration decreased, the mass of the potato increased as water molecules moved out of the potato cells.

• The potatoes in the 0.050 g/mL solution lost the greatest amount of mass as water molecules moved out of the potato cells.

Scientists have collected data showing that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in our atmosphere are increasing.

Which statement is best supported by the information in the graph?

• N₂O levels will begin to decrease, stopping ozone layer depletion.

• CO₂ levels will continue to rise, increasing average global temperatures.

• CH₄ levels will increase further, decreasing average global temperatures.

• All greenhouse gases will have a rapid decline, returning to levels prior to the 1500s.

A laboratory technician grew two types of microorganisms in separate containers for 18 days. The results are shown below.

After observing the results, the technician predicted that neither population would be negatively affected if the two microorganisms were grown in the same container. To test this prediction the technician grew the two organisms in the same container for 18 days. The results are shown in the graph.

Which statement best evaluates the technician’s prediction and the resulting data?

• The data support the prediction: both organisms reached a maximum population in the mixed culture.

• The data do not support the prediction: both organisms initially thrived in the mixed culture.

• The data do not support the prediction: the presence of organism 2 negatively affected the population of organism 1.

• The data support the prediction: both organisms initially thrived, but only organism 2 reached carrying capacity in the mixed culture.

You are observing different tissue samples and classifying the cells into their respective stage in the cell cycle. What can you conclude about Sample B based on these observations?

• Sample B Is is most likely cancerous because most of the cells are in interphase.

• Sample B is most likely cancer tissue because most cells are in some stage of mitosis.

• Sample B is most likely a normal tissue sample because most of the cells are in interphase.

• Sample B is most likely a normal tissue sample because most cells are in some stage of mitosis.