Coordinate Covalent bonds

Coordinate covalent bonds can only be formed if

• Intermolecular traction occurs between hydrogen atoms bound to very electronegative atoms

• positive ions and negative ions whose electron configurations are the same as noble gases

• one atom has a free electron pair (PEB)

• there is an attractive force between the positive charge of the nucleus of a metal atom and the negative charge of a valence electron

Ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) is an example of a compound with a

• simple covalent bond

• coordinate covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• metallic bond

How can coordinate covalent bond form between ammonia, NH₃ and hydrogen ion, H⁺ to form ammonium ion, NH₄⁺?

• Ammonia, NH₃ and hydrogen ion, H⁺ will each share one electron

• The pair of electrons not involved in covalent bond in ammonia, NH₃ will be shared with hydrogen ion, H⁺

• Ammonia, NH₃ and hydrogen ion, H⁺ will each share one electron

How can coordinate covalent bond form in hydroxonium ion H₃O⁺?

• The pair of electrons not involved in covalent bond in water molecule, H₂O will be shared with hydrogen ion H⁺

• Water molecule, H₂O and hydrogen ion, H⁺ will each share one electron

• Water molecule, H₂O and hydrogen ion, H⁺ will each share two electrons

Name the type of bond formed in ammonium ion.

• Covalent bond

• Coordinate Covalent bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Metallic bond