AQA Enviro Hydrosphere

3 Types of rock suitable for aquifers

• Chalk

• Limestone

• Granite

• Clay

• Sandstone

Definition of Porosity

• A measure of the ease with which fluids may flow through a rock.

• A measure of a rocks density that could determine how much water it can hold

• A measure of the proportion of a rocks volume that is space and could therefore hold water.

• A measure of percolation rate vs abstraction rate

Definition of permeability

• The measure of percolation vs the rate or abstraction.

• A measure of a rocks density that could determine how much water it can hold.

• A measure of the ease with which fluids may flow through a rock.

• A measure of the proportion of a rocks volume that is space and could therefore hold water.

Percentage of total water on Earth found in Oceans

• 97%

• 90%

• 95%

• 99%

• 99.5%

Two requirements to calculate residence times of a reservoir.

• Temperature of water

• Depth of water

• Mean transfer rate

• Volume of water in a reservoir

• pH of water

Disadvantages of building Dams on wildlife (more than one answer)

• Barrier to migration

• Sedimentation reducing sites for trout and salmon to lay eggs

• Destruction of habitats

• Creates wetlands which could be valuable in improving biodiversity

Percentage of the global total water located in rivers and lakes

• 0.01%

• 1%

• 2%

• 3%

Percentage of the global total water located in land ice

• 0.01%

• 1%

• 2%

• 3%

Property of rock that makes it suitable for being below an aquifer

• High porosity

• Low porosity

• Permeable

• Impermeable

Property of rock that makes it suitable for being above an aquifer

• High porosity

• Low Porosity

• Permeable

• Impermeable