S2 logic and free will

Select the most precise definition of a philosophical argument.

• A series of statements (premises) that aim to convince or persuade.

• A series of statements that aim to convince or persuade.

• A series of sentences (statements) that aim to convince or persuade.

• A series of true statements (premises) that aim to convince or persuade.

In order to be sound an argument must ...

• only be valid

• be valid and have true premises

• be inductive

• only be true

P1. If you eat peas you will develop a rash.

P2. You have eaten peas.

C. You will develop a rash.

• inductive

• invalid

• sound

• valid

P1. The weather forecast is usually correct

P2. The forecast said there is 100% chance of rain this morning

C. It is likely to rain on my way to school

• Weak inductive

• Valid

• Strong inductive

• Deductive

'Materialism' is the claim that...

• Everything in the universe is physical except human brains.

• Everything in the universe is physical except human minds.

• Everything in the universe is physical including human minds.

• Everything in the universe exists non-physically.

'Dualism' is the claim that...

• The mind is non-physical and the body is physical.

• The mind and the body are both physical.

• The mind and body are both non-physical.

• The body is non physical and the mind physical.

The Phineas Gage story was a challenge to...

• materialism

• dualism

Select the most precise definition of the Principle of Alternate Possibilities.

• You are causally responsible for performing (or failing to perform) an action only if you had a genuine alternate possibility open to you.

• You are morally responsible for performing (or failing to perform) an action only if you had a genuine alternate possibility open to you.

• Morality can be different in different times and places.

• Some moral values are shared between different groups.

Select the most precise definition of determinism.

• The belief that all events are influenced by previously existing causes or events, together with the laws of nature.

• The belief that if you work really hard you can succeed.

• The belief in fate.

• The belief that there’s something special about human minds that mean that you can make choices that are not caused by anything else.

According to Compatibilists, if determinism is true then...

• ... we cannot have free will and we cannot be morally responsible.

• ... we cannot have free will but we can be morally responsible.

• ... we can have free will and we cannot be morally responsible.

• ... we have enough free will to be morally responsible.