General structure of a research article

The "M" in the acronym IMRaD stands for

• materials and procedures

• methods

• mind and matter

• methods and discussions

Choose the four most important pieces of advice for a writer of academic texts.

• Write in an academic style, avoid colloquial language,

  jargon, and slang.

• Arrange your ideas in a strict logical order.

• Cite leading papers in your field.

• Pay special attention to the introduction of your text.

• Think about the general presentation (chapters, subchapters,

  paragraphs, etc.) of your text.

Formal academic English will normally avoid:

• Contractions

• Figures at the beginning of the sentence

• Interjections and hesitation fillers (i.e., um, well, you know; etc.)

• Inappropriate negative forms

• Short forms of the words or slang

The purpose of this part is to acquaint the reader with the topic of the paper and to attract interest in it. It is an important section of the paper insofar as it is responsible for the first impression the paper produces.

• abstract

• title

• introduction

• keywords

Insert the omitted verbs (that are below the text) into the meta -textual phrases of the review summary.

1 The book is_____into five units, each of which examines one aspect of language

and how it works in texts. 2 Unit 1, 'Signs and sounds,' ___a large range of signs and symbols and their relations with their meaning. 3 Unit 2, 'Words and things', ___at vocabulary and the way it is used. 4 It ____some basic metalanguage for dealing with this area (e.g. morpheme, polysemy, homophones). 5 Unit 3 looks at sentences and structures,____ how grammatical patterns contribute to the meaning of works such as Edwin Morgan's Off Course, and the beginning of Bleak House. 6 It also____ such areas as the variations in prevalent grammatical patterns between different newspapers. 7 Unit 4, 'Written discourse', ___with exercises designed to show students how much they already know about discoursal features of texts. 8 The unit____ with a section on information structure and the way grammatical features enhance that structure. 9 Unit 5, 'Spoken discourse',_____ the basic concepts of speech acts, storytelling, speeches, and various aspects of conversations. 10 The book also ____a glossary, providing short definitions of terms used.

• divided

  showing

  ends

  discusses

  provides

  explores

  includes

  looks

  starts

  presents

• divided

  explores

  looks

  provides

  showing

  discusses

  starts

  ends

  presents

  includes

• divided

  showing

  looks

  discusses

  provides

  presents

  starts

  includes

  ends

  explores

Сутність анотування та реферування полягає в:

• максимальному уточненні та доповненні тексту джерела інформації.

• максимально повному переказі змісту первинного документа

• максимально адекватному та еквівалентному перекладі змісту першоджерела

• максимальному скороченні обсягу джерела інформації за збереження його основного змісту

Під повнотою реферату зазвичай мають на увазі:

• точний виклад сутності та змісту першоджерела

• відображення деяких суттевих питань першоджерела

• збереження обсягу першоджерела

• виклад власного ставлення референта до тематики та проблематики першоджерела

Залежно від методів згортання інформації реферати поділяють на:

• інформативні, індикативні,змішані

• загальні та спеціалізовані

• монографічні,оглядові,аналітичні

• реферати-екстракти,"перефразовані" та реферати-інтерпретації

What is the correct workflow, when writing an article

• Title/Abstract/keywords_ Figures/Tables_Methods/Results/Discussion_Conclusion/Introduction

• Figures/Tables_Methods/Results/Discussion_Conclusion/Introduction_Title/Abstract/Keywords_

• Title/Abstract/keywords_ Methods/Results/Discussion_Figures/Tables_Conclusion/Introduction

• Figures/ Tables_Conclusion/Introduction_Methods/Results/Discussion_Title/Abstract/Keywords

Consider that your article is almost ready to be submitted to the Journal of your choice. What final pointers should you keep in mind to ensure that it has the best chance of being accepted.

• Proof read and edit your article (including abstract).

• Time is of great importance, so be sure to send your article as quickly as possible to the Journal.

• Get your article (including your abstract) reviewed by your chosen peers and value their constructive feedback.

• Your article is your own writing, so avoid any professional help.