Quiz 2: Chemistry First Semester Review

Several scientists helped contribute to creating the modern model of the atom. Which statement below is NOT a true statement about the structure of an atom?

• The majority of an atom is empty space associated with the electron cloud.

• The nucleus of an atom is very large and contain protons and neutrons.

• The nucleus possesses a positive charge associated with protons.

• The nucleus contains neutrons which carry no charge.

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Which of the following shows the correct number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral Cesium-134 atom?

• 55 protons, 55 neutrons, 55 electrons

• 55 protons, 79 neutrons, 55 electrons

• 55 protons, 134 neutrons, 55 electrons

• 134 protons, 55 neutrons, 134 electrons

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Ernest Rutherford conducted research on the atom by firing positively charged alpha particles at gold foil. Almost all the particles passed through the foil, but a few were deflected slightly or bounced off. From this data scientists concluded

• The nucleus is very small and has no charge.

• The nucleus is very diffuse (spread out) and the protons and neutrons are very far apart.

• The nucleus is very small and is positively charged.

• The nucleus contains electrons which attracted the positively charged alpha particles.

What is the electron configuration for nitrogen?

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The orbital notation and electron configuration for an atom is shown. Choose the statement that represents the element and the reason for the answers.

• The element is boron because the atom contains 1 electron in the 3p sublevel.

• The element is Lithium because the atom contains 3 electrons.

• The element is Aluminum because the atom contains 1 electron in the 3 p sublevel.

• The element is Ne because the valence shell is completely filled.

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Mendeleev's periodic table contained empty spaces. Which statement correctly explains the importance of those spaces?

• The empty spaces represented elements that had not been discovered. The table predicted the properties of the unknown elements.

• The empty spaces represented elements that could not exist because of periodic trends.

• The empty spaces represented new isotopes of previously discovered elements.

• The empty spaces showed the electron configurations of the ions in the periodic table.

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A new element is discovered. Scientists observe that the element is solid, shiny and conducts electricity. Which group of elements would the new element best be grouped with?

• Nonmetals

• Metals

• Noble gases

• Metalloids

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Which electron configuration below represents an atom that has 8 valence electrons?

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Several properties of elements in the periodic table demonstrate trends. One such trend is atomic radius. In the periodic table, as the atomic number increases from 11 to 17, what happens to the atomic radius?

• It remains constant since the number of electron shells is constant.

• It increases only since more electrons take up more room.

• It increases, then decreases since different sublevels are being filled.

• It decreases only because the effective nuclear charge is increasing as the number of protons increase.

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The groups of the periodic table are elements who have similar properties. Which group in the periodic table are the most difficult to ionize.

• Noble gases because their valence shells are filled with electrons.

• Alkali metals because they have electrons in the 1s sublevel.

• Halogens because they only lack 1 electron from having a filled valence shell.

• Transition metals because of their high effective nuclear charge.

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