bio exam

_______the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

• evolution

• natural selection

• adaptation

• population

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations. The multiple sources of genetic variation include mutation and genetic recombination. Mutations are the ultimate sources of genetic variation, but other mechanisms, such as genetic drift, contribute to it, as well

• gene frequency

• physical trait

• behavioral trait

• genetic variation

a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.

the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.

a particular section, group, or type of people or animals living in an area or country.

two or more populations are considered identical if they all show the same trait states at the same frequencies.

• distribution of traits

• biotic factors

a change or disturbance of the environment most often caused by human influences and natural ecological processes. Environmental changes include various factors, such as natural disasters, human interferences, or animal interaction

a living organism that shapes its environment.

the ratio of a particular allele to the total of all other alleles of the same gene in a given population.