Env. Science Fall Final Review

After a volcanic eruption has covered an area with lava, which of the following is the most likely order of succession in the repopulation of the area?

• lichens → grasses → shrubs → trees

• mosses → grasses → lichens → trees

• grasses → trees → mosses → lichens

• shrubs → grasses → trees → lichens

The acacia ant (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea) lives in the bullhorn acacia plant. The acacia ant nests and feeds in the plant’s hollow thorns. The ant helps protect the bullhorn acacia by attacking insects and grazing animals that come near the plant. The relationship between the acacia ant and the bullhorn acacia is an example of which of the following?

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Neutralism

Roughly ______ percent of energy is transferred from a lower trophic level to the next highest level

An ecological footprint is the ____________

• mark a person’s shoe makes in soft earth.

• number of animals a person has killed.

• amount of land and ocean area needed to support one person.

• number of trees people cut down.

. Which organisms have a lower chance of dying out from disease?

• Pure-bred dogs

• Industrial cattle

• Wild rabbits

Why is biodiversity important to ecosystems?

• It allows animals to feed permanently from one type of plant.

• It increases at each level of the food chain.

• It helps populations adapt to ecological changes.

• It reduces the number of insects in a given ecosystem.

Where would an ecologist be least likely to go to study primary succession?

• a new island formed by a volcanic eruption.

• a gravel-filled valley that had been covered by a glacier until recently.

• a locked, abandoned asphalt parking lot in New York City.

• the Amazon Rain Forest

The _______________ biome has trees that produce needles and cones, such as pine and fir. Temperatures can be very cold. It is mostly found in northern Canada. It is also called by its Russian name, taiga.

• tundra

• desert

• coniferous forest

• deciduous forest

Most health experts recommend only eating tuna a few times a week and only eating shark a few times a month. Why would health experts have this view of eating these fish?

• Most fish are low in protein and high in saturated fats which can cause health problems.

• People with diets high in fish tend to have high blood pressure and heart issues.

• Eating these fish could result in the buildup of pollutants in the fat tissue of humans.

• We should save our oceans

Which of the following would best describe the tundra biome?

• winters are short, summers are long

• there is a lot of rainfall

• the ground is frozen all year

• all are correct