Midterm Bioscience Fall 2022

What process best explains how muscle cells and nerve cells can develop from the same fertilized egg?

• genetic engineering
• survival of the fittest
• differentiation
• selective breeding

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

Which type of cell is unspecialized?

• skin cell
• stem cell
• liver cell
• muscle cell

what is the role of stem cells in the body 

• fight against infection 
• provide specialized roles in the body 
• used for fertility treatment 
• they produce new specialized cells in the body to replace old cells that are used up 

Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

• deoxyribose and adenine
• deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
• sugar and the nucleus
• deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate

What are the nucleotides made of?

• Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
• Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
• Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
• Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine

Why is DNA important?

• it is very small and very complicated
• it's in everything
• it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
• because we eat it every day for energy

Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?

• polar bonds
• ionic bonds
• covalent bonds
• hydrogen bonds

Name this structure

• double helix
• nucelotide
• twisted ladder
• hydrogen bond

What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'

• 5'-TACGGTA-3'
• 3'-TACGGTA-5'
• 3'-ATGGCAT-5'
• 5'-ATGGCAT-3'