1/6/25 #2

What is the primary function of the chromosome?

• store the genetic instructions needed to specify traits.

• release energy by breaking down food molecules.

• transport waste materials rapidly out of the cell.

• relay messages between different cells in animals.

The gene for round peas (R) in a pea plant is dominant over the gene for wrinkled peas (r). In a cross between one heterozygous parent and one homozygous wrinkled pea parent, we can predict what percentage of the offspring will have round peas?

• 100%

• 50%

• 75%

• 25%

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of heredity?

• the storage of information in the nucleus of every cell in the body

• the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to another

• the relationship of one organism to another by evolutionary history

• the adaptation of an organism for better survival in a new habitat

The gene for tallness (T) in a pea plant is dominant over the gene for shortness (t). In a cross between two heterozygous parent pea plants, we can predict that what percentage of the offspring will be tall?

• 100%

• 50%

• 75%

• 25%

The diagram shows the pedigree for three generations and the individuals affected by a disease. How many of the individuals shown on this pedigree are affected by the disease?

• 2

• 5

• 6

• 8

In mice, agouti coloration (A) is a dominant trait for fur color over black fur (a). A particular generation of offspring has a ratio of 3 agouti individuals to 1 black individual. Which of the following represents the genotype combinations that are possible for the parent generation?

• aa x aa

• AA x Aa

• Aa x Aa

• AA x AA

As part of a genetics investigation, Whitney collected the hereditary information (DNA) of a strawberry. What is the source of the DNA for the strawberry plant?

• It was absorbed from the soil

• It was passed on from the parent plant

• It was created by the plant using sunlight

• It was borrowed from animals that feed on the plant

In a certain breed of dogs, brown fur (B) is a dominant trait over yellow fur (b). Gregory owns a brown female. She produced a litter of offspring that includes two brown and two yellow puppies. The only thing Gregory knows about the male is that he was of the same breed. Which of the following represents the genotype combinations that are possible for Gregory’s dog and the father of this litter of puppies?

• Mother = BB x Father = bb

• Mother = BB x Father = Bb

• Mother = Bb x Father = Bb

• Mother = Bb x Father = bb

The pedigree shown here presents information about the instances of sickle cell anemia in the Miller family. According to the data in the pedigree, which of Susan Miller’s children are affected with sickle cell anemia?

• One son and one daughter

• Both of her sons

• Both of her daughters

• All of her children

What is the definition of chromosomes?

• Structures inside of our cell nucleus that hold our genes

• Parts of the cell membrane

• Structures that float around in the cytoplasm