Introduction to Sampling and Bias

What is a population?

• The complete collection of all individuals being studied.
• A portion of all individuals being studied.
• All individuals selected to be apart of a study.
• All individuals who want to be apart of a study.

What is a sample?

• All individuals who want to be apart of a study.
• All individuals selected to be apart of a study.
• All individuals who are knowledgeable of the content being studied.
• The complete collection of all individuals being studied.

What is statistical bias?

• A sampling technique that leads to accurate results.
• A flaw in the data collection process that can never be avoided.
• A statistic that measures how accurate data is.
• A flaw in the data collection process leading to inaccurate results.

What is the best way to reduce bias when choosing a sample?

• Selecting individuals from a population who are easy to get.
• Selecting individuals from a population who want to be apart of the study.
• Selecting individuals from a population randomly.
• Bias can never be avoided.

Which of the following sampling techniques does NOT involve random selection?

• Convenience Sampling
• Voluntary Response Sampling
• Judgmental Sampling
• All of the above

Describe convenience sampling?

• Allowing individuals to volunteer to be apart of a study.
• Selecting individuals to be apart of a study who are easiest to get.
• Randomly selecting individuals to be apart of a study.
• Selecting only individuals who want to be apart of the study.

Describe voluntary response sampling?

• Selecting individuals randomly.
• Selecting individuals who are easiest to get.
• Allowing individuals to decide whether to be included.
• Selecting individuals who are knowledgeable about the content of the study.

Describe judgmental sampling?

• Only selecting individuals who care about the subject of your study.
• Only selecting individuals who are knowledgeable about the subject of your study.
• Only selecting individuals who you want to participate in your study
• Only selecting individuals who are available to be in your study

Describe sampling error?

• Error that occurs in a study due to selecting a sample unrepresentative of the entire population.
• Error that occurs in studies due to poor questioning.
• Error that occurs in studies due to false data.
• Error that occurs from applying the wrong statistical methods.

Describe non-sampling error.

• Error that occurs in a study naturally.
• Errors that occur due to the researcher's mistakes
• Error that occurs in a study due to selecting participants randomly.
• Error that occurs from including the entire population in a study.