DNA Technology

Match the following

• Genetic engineering

• total DNA in each cell nucleus of an organism

• Recombinant DNA

• newly generated DNA fragment containing exogenous DNA

• Gel electrophoresis

• bacterial protein that cuts DNA into fragments

• Genome

• a process in which an electric current is used to separate DNA fragments according to the size of the fragments

• Restriction enzyme

• technology used to manipulate an organism's DNA by inserting the DNA of another organism

Match the following

• Plasmid

• process in which bacterial cells take up recombinant plasmid DNA

• DNA ligase

• enzyme that chemically links DNA fragments together

• Cloning

• genetic engineering technique that can make millions of copies of specific regions of a DNA fragment

• Transformation

• process in which large numbers of identical recombinant DNA molecules are produced

• Polymerase chain reaction

• any small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that can be used as a vector

What is the result of a polymerase chain reaction?

• Separation of DNA fragments by electricity

• a completed genome

• millions of replicated DNA fragments

• cleavage of DNA fragments

What process uses electric pulsation or heat to create openings in the plasma membrane of bacterial cells?

• gel electrophoresis

• recombinant DNA formation

• cloning

• transformation

Based on the sequences below, which restriction enzyme produces a blunt end? The cut site is indicated by the *.

• EagI    C*GGCC G            G CCGG*C

• TaqI    T*CG A            A GC*T

• EcoRV    GAT*ATC                CTA*TAG

• NsiI    A TGCA*T           T*ACGT A

Cells make copies of recombinant plasmid DNA during cell replication and the DNA is present in the new cells.

• cloning

• genetic engineering

• DNA sequencing

• transformation

Exogenous DNA of one organism is inserted into the DNA of another organism.

• cloning

• genetic engineering

• DNA sequencing

• transformation

The DNA sequence of the cloned recombinant DNA molecules is identified for further study.

• cloning

• genetic engineering

• DNA sequencing

• transformation

A short electric pulse or brief rise in temperature creates openings in the plasma membrane of cells and plasmid DNA enters into the cell.

• cloning

• genetic engineering

• DNA sequencing

• transformation

DNA fragments are separated in a medium according to their size.

• gel electrophoresis

• polymerase chain reaction

• recombinant DNA technology

• restriction enzymes