Quiz about Energy, Insolation & Seasons Review

Question 1

Which gas is considered a major greenhouse gas?

Accepted Answer

methane

Answer

hydrogen

Answer

oxygen

Answer

nitrogen

Question 2

The picture below shows a calorimeter being used to demonstrate a method of heat transfer. One cup is filled with hot water, and the other cup is filled with cold water. A metal bar extends through the lids into the water in both cups. Thermometers record changes in temperature.

This calorimeter demonstrates the transfer of heat through the metal bar from

Accepted Answer

hot water to cold water by conduction

Answer

cold water to hot water by radiation

Answer

cold water to hot water by conduction

Answer

hot water to cold water by convection

Question 3

A solar water heater contains fluid-filled tubing that absorbs sunlight energy on its outside surface. Which tubing exterior will best absorb insolation?

Accepted Answer

dark-colored and rough

Answer

light-colored and rough

Answer

light-colored and smooth

Answer

dark-colored and smooth

Question 4

Which gas absorbs some of the harmful insolation in Earth's upper atmosphere before that insolation reaches Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

ozone

Answer

oxygen

Answer

hydrogen

Answer

nitrogen

Question 5

Equal areas of which type of surface will reflect the most insolation?

Accepted Answer

snow-covered field

Answer

light gray rooftop

Answer

black paved road

Answer

dark tropical forest

Question 6

The diagram represents a plastic hemisphere upon which lines have been drawn to show the apparent paths of the Sun at the location in New York State on the first day of each season. Letters A through I represent points on the path.

Which point represents noon at the time of maximum insolation?

Accepted Answer

c

Answer

A

Answer

F

Answer

G

Question 7

The diagram represents a plastic hemisphere upon which lines have been drawn to show the apparent paths of the Sun at the location in New York State on the first day of each season. Letters A through I represent points on the path.

Which point represents noon at the time of maximum insolation?

What is the total number of hours needed for the Sun to follow path EBH?

Accepted Answer

12

Answer

8

Answer

10

Answer

16

Question 8

Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth's position at the beginning of each season.

The diagram below shows how Earth is illuminated [lighted] by the Sun as viewed from above the North Pole. In which orbital position would Earth be illuminated as shown?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 9

Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth's position at the beginning of each season.

Which position of Earth represents the first day of summer in the Northern Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 10

12. What is the primary source of energy for Earth's weather systems?

Accepted Answer

Incoming solar radiation

Answer

Subtropical jet streams

Answer

Precipitation from clouds

Answer

Heat from Earth's interior

Question 11

In which portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is the maximum intensity of Earth's outgoing radiation?

Refer to ESRT p 14

Accepted Answer

infrared

Answer

visible light

Answer

gamma rays

Answer

ultraviolet

Question 12

Which two forms of electromagnetic energy are used to produce the most spectacular fluorescence when placed in darkness?

Refer to ESRT p 14

Accepted Answer

ultraviolet and x rays

Answer

ultraviolet and infrared

Answer

microwaves and infrared

Answer

microwaves and x rays

Question 13

During explosive volcanic eruptions, large amounts of ash entering Earth's atmosphere often rise to an altitude of 20 kilometers. What is the most likely effect of this ash cloud?

Accepted Answer

a decrease in the insolation reaching

Earth's surface

Answer

a decrease in the thickness of Earth's

stratosphere layer

Answer

an increase in the insolation reaching

Earth's surface

Answer

an increase in the thickness of the Earth's

stratosphere layer

Question 14

The seasonal shifts of Earth's planetary wind and moisture belts are due to changes in the

Refer to ESRT p 14

Accepted Answer

latitude that receives the Sun's vertical

rays

Answer

rate of Earth's rotation on its axis

Answer

amount of energy given off by the Sun

Answer

distance between Earth and the Sun

Question 15

Which two locations are receiving the same intensity of insolation?

Accepted Answer

D and B

Answer

B and C

Answer

C and D

Answer

A and B

Question 16

The cross section represents the effect of Earth's atmosphere on energy from the Sun. Arrows labeled A, B, C, D, and E represent some possible paths of this insolation. The dashed arrows represent energy reradiated from Earth's surface.

Which type of surface material absorbs and reradiates the greatest amount of energy?

Accepted Answer

dark with a rough texture

Answer

white with a rough texture

Answer

dark with a smooth texture

Answer

white with a smooth texture

Question 17

The cross section represents the effect of Earth's atmosphere on energy from the Sun. Arrows labeled A, B, C, D, and E represent some possible paths of this insolation. The dashed arrows represent energy reradiated from Earth's surface.

Which arrows represent reflected insolation?

Accepted Answer

A and E

Answer

C and D

Answer

D and A

Answer

B and C

Question 18

The cross section represents the effect of Earth's atmosphere on energy from the Sun. Arrows labeled A, B, C, D, and E represent some possible paths of this insolation. The dashed arrows represent energy reradiated from Earth's surface.

Compared to path D, the amount of energy reaching Earth's surface following path B is likely

Accepted Answer

less, because atmospheric transparency is less

Answer

more, because atmospheric transparency is greater

Answer

less, because atmospheric transparency is greater

Answer

more, because atmospheric transparency is less

Question 19

When equal masses of ice and liquid water receive the same amount of energy, without a change in state, the ice changes temperature faster than the liquid water does because the

Refer to ESRT p 1

Accepted Answer

specific heat of ice is less than the specific

heat of liquid water

Answer

specific heat of ice is greater than the

specific heat of liquid water

Answer

density of ice is greater than the density of

liquid water

Answer

density of ice is less than the density of

liquid water

Question 20

An observer in New York City measured the angle of insolation at solar noon each day. During which month did this observer see the noontime angle of insolation increase each day?

Accepted Answer

April

Answer

July

Answer

December

Answer

September

Question 21

The diagram represents a simplified model of the incoming (solar) and outgoing (terrestrial) electromagnetic radiation of Earth's energy budget.

Which color and texture of Earth materials absorbs the greatest amount of short-wave radiation from the Sun?

Accepted Answer

dark color and rough texture

Answer

light color and smooth texture

Answer

dark color and smooth texture

Answer

light color and rough texture

Question 22

The diagram represents a simplified model of the incoming (solar) and outgoing (terrestrial) electromagnetic radiation of Earth's energy budget.

Two major greenhouse gases that absorb outgoing long-wave radiation within the atmosphere are

Accepted Answer

methane and carbon dioxide

Answer

nitrogen and carbon dioxide

Answer

methane and oxygen

Answer

nitrogen and oxygen

Question 23

Which type of electromagnetic radiation listed below has the longest wavelength?

Refer to ESRT p 14

Accepted Answer

infrared

Answer

red visible light

Answer

ultraviolet

Answer

violet visible light

Question 24

The intensity of insolation at solar noon from November 1 to February 1 in New York State will

Accepted Answer

decrease, then increase

Answer

increase, only

Answer

decrease, only

Answer

increase, then decrease

Question 25

Equal areas of which surface will typically absorb the greatest amount of insolation?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 26

Which process primarily transfers heat by moving air?

Accepted Answer

Convection

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Radiation

Answer

Transpiration

Question 27

Which line on the graph best represents the average monthly insolation received at the equator?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 28

Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows the apparent paths of the Sun at the beginning of each season for an observer at a location in Connecticut.

In which compass direction must the observer look to locate the noontime Sun?

Accepted Answer

South

Answer

North

Answer

Northeast

Answer

Southwest

Question 29

What season is it for us in the Northern Hemisphere in the picture?

Accepted Answer

Winter

Answer

Summer

Answer

Fall

Answer

Spring

Question 30

At position C, which hemisphere would have winter?

Accepted Answer

Northern hemisphere

Answer

Southern hemisphere

Question 31

The model below shows the apparent path of the Sun as seen by an observer in New York State on the first day of one of the four seasons.

This apparent path of the Sun was observed on the first day of

Accepted Answer

winter

Answer

spring

Answer

summer

Answer

fall

Question 32

On an equinox, every location on Earth experiences

Accepted Answer

12 hours of day

12 hours of night

Answer

8 hours of day

16 hours of night

Answer

16 hours of day

8 hours of night

Question 33

Which line on the graph best represents the average monthly insolation received at the equator?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 34

Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth's position at the beginning of each season.

The diagram below shows how Earth is illuminated [lighted] by the Sun as viewed from above the North Pole. In which orbital position would Earth be illuminated as shown?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 35

The diagram represents a plastic hemisphere upon which lines have been drawn to show the apparent paths of the Sun at the location in New York State on the first day of each season. Letters A through I represent points on the path.

Which point represents noon at the time of maximum insolation?